Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tangō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɑŋ.ɡɔː/

Noun

*tangō f

1. tongs
2. pliers

Declension

ō-stemDeclension of *tangō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*tangō	*tangôz
vocative	*tangō	*tangôz
accusative	*tangǭ	*tangōz
genitive	*tangōz	*tangǫ̂
dative	*tangōi	*tangōmaz
instrumental	*tangō	*tangōmiz

Derived terms

• *tangijaną
• *tangǭ

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *tangu
  • Old English: tang, tange
    • Middle English: tonge, tang, tange, tongge, toonge, tounge
      • English: tong (tongs); tang
      • Scots: tang, taing
  • Old Frisian: tange, tonge
    • Saterland Frisian: Tonge
    • West Frisian: tange
  • Old Saxon: tanga
    • Middle Low German: tange
      • Low German: Tang
      • Plautdietsch: Tang
  • Old Dutch: *tanga
    • Middle Dutch: tanghe
      • Dutch: tang
        • Afrikaans: tang
      • Limburgish: tang
  • Old High German: zanga
    • Middle High German: zange
      • Bavarian: Zanga
      • Central Franconian: Zang, Zaang

        Hunsrik: Zang

      • German: Zange
      • Luxembourgish: Zaang
      • Rhine Franconian: Zang

        Palatine German: Zang

        Pennsylvania German: Zang

      • Vilamovian: cang
      • ⇒ Middle High German: hebzange
        • → Old Polish: hebcągi
          • Polish: obcęgi
• Old Norse: tǫng
  • Icelandic: töng f
  • Faroese: tong f
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tong f; (dialectal) tøng f
  • Elfdalian: taungg
  • Swedish: tång c
    • → Finnish: tongit
  • Gutnish: tangg
  • Danish: tang c
    • Norwegian Bokmål: tang m or f

References

• Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*tanʒō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 401
• Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tangō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 509