Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Hréwpt
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Athematic root aorist of *Hrewp- (“to break, tear up”).
Verb
[edit]*Hréwpt (perfective)[1]
- to break
Inflection
[edit]| Perfective, athematic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *Hréwpt | |||
| 3rd plural | *Hrupént | |||
| Active voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *Hréwpm̥ | — | *Hréwpoh₂ | *Hrupyéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *Hréwps | *Hréwp, *Hrupdʰí | *Hréwpesi | *Hrupyéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *Hréwpt | *Hréwptu | *Hréwpeti | *Hrupyéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *Hrupwé | — | *Hréwpowos | *Hrupih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *Hruptóm | *Hruptóm | *Hréwpetes | *Hrupih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *Hruptā́m | *Hruptā́m | *Hréwpetes | *Hrupih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *Hrupmé | — | *Hréwpomos | *Hrupih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *Hrupté | *Hrupté | *Hréwpete | *Hrupih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *Hrupént | *Hrupéntu | *Hréwponti | *Hrupih₁ént |
| Participle | *Hrupónts | |||
| Middle voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *Hruph₂é | — | *Hréwpoh₂er | *Hrupih₁h₂é |
| 2nd singular | *Hrupth₂é | *Hrupsó | *Hréwpeth₂er | *Hrupih₁th₂é |
| 3rd singular | *Hruptó, *Hrupó | *? | *Hréwpetor | *Hrupih₁tó, *Hrupih₁ó |
| 1st dual | *Hrupwédʰh₂ | — | *Hréwpowosdʰh₂ | *Hrupih₁wédʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *Hrupmédʰh₂ | — | *Hréwpomosdʰh₂ | *Hrupih₁médʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *Hrupdʰh₂wé | *Hrupdʰh₂wé | *Hréwpedʰh₂we | *Hrupih₁dʰh₂wé |
| 3rd plural | *Hrupró, *Hrupn̥tó | *? | *Hréwporor, *Hréwpontor | *Hrupih₁ró, *Hrupih₁n̥tó |
| Participle | *Hrupm̥h₁nós | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Germanic: *reufaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hárawpt
- Proto-Italic: *roupai
- Latin: rūpī
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN