Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔantum

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Pronoun

*ʔantum(ū) m pl

1. you (masculine second-person plural personal pronoun)

See also

Proto-Semitic independent personal pronouns

		1st person	2nd person m	2nd person f	3rd person m	3rd person f
Nominative	Singular	*ʔanāku	*ʔanta	*ʔanti	*šuʔa	*šiʔa
	Dual	*niḥnu	*antumā / *antumay		*šumā / *šumay
	Plural		*ʔantum(ū)	*ʔantin(ā)	*šum(ū)	*šin(ā)
Oblique	Singular	— (enclitics used instead)			*šuʔātī	*šiʔātī
	Dual				*šumātī / *šumāytī
	Plural				*šumūtī	*šinātī

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒀜𒌅𒉡 (attunu)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: أَنْتُمْ (ʔantum)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: אַנְתְּוּן (ʾantūn)
        • Classical Syriac: ܐܰܢܬܾ݁ܘܢ (ʾantūn)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: אַתֶּם (atém, ʾattem)
        • Phoenician: 𐤀𐤕𐤌 (ʾtm)
      • Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎚𐎎 (ảtm /⁠ʾattumū⁠/)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Ge'ez: አንትሙ (ʾantəmu)

References

• Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN