Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopriva
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
By surface *koprъ (“dill”) + *-ivъ + *-a, probably from the original sense steaming, scalding found in the root *kopněti (“to melt (for snow), to hope”), *kypěti (“to boil up”), because of the burning feel on the human skin on touch of this plant. For similar semantic development, compare dial. Czech žeřica (“nettle”) (from Proto-Slavic *žarъ (“embers”)), German Brennnessel (“nettle”) (from German brennen (“to burn”)), Dutch brandnetel from branden (“to burn”), Latin ūrtīca from ūrere (“to burn”). Unlikely from the sense aroma applied in *koprъ and attested in the related lemmas Lithuanian kvãpas (“aroma”), Lithuanian kvėpti (“to smell, to breath”), since nettle does not have any particular smell.
A secondary reason of the relation to *koprъ (“dill”) may be the use of both as a food supplement.
The form *kropiva to which some forms point is modelled after *kropiti (“to besprinkle”) conceiving the crop’s conspicuous manner of distribution.
Noun[edit]
*kopriva f
Alternative forms[edit]
Inflection[edit]
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *kopriva | *koprivě | *koprivy |
genitive | *koprivy | *koprivu | *koprivъ |
dative | *koprivě | *koprivama | *koprivamъ |
accusative | *koprivǫ | *koprivě | *koprivy |
instrumental | *koprivojǫ, *koprivǫ** | *koprivama | *koprivami |
locative | *koprivě | *koprivu | *koprivasъ, *koprivaxъ* |
vocative | *koprivo | *koprivě | *koprivy |
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms[edit]
- *koprivьnъ (relational adjective)
Related terms[edit]
- *kopъtь (“steam, smoke”)
- *koprina (“silk”), *koprinica (“dodder”)
- *kopněti (“to melt, to hope”)
- *kypěti (“to boil, to vaporize”)
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading[edit]
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kopriva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 25
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “коприва, покрива”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 619
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kwep-
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ivъ
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic feminine nouns
- sla-pro:Rosales order plants
- Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns