Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/plyti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *plū́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₃(w)-. Cognate with Lithuanian plū́ti (“to flow”).

Verb

*plỳti impf

1. to swim
2. to float, to sail

Alternative forms

• *plyvati
• *plynǫti

Inflection

Conjugation of *plyti, *ply, *plyvetь (impf., -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*plytьje	*plyti	*plytъ	*plylъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*plytъ	*plyvomъ
Active	*plyvъ	*plyvy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*plyxъ	*ply	*ply	*plyvǫ	*plyveši	*plyvetь
Dual	*plyxově	*plysta	*plyste	*plyvevě	*plyveta	*plyvete
Plural	*plyxomъ	*plyste	*plyšę	*plyvemъ	*plyvete	*plyvǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*plyvěaxъ	*plyvěaše	*plyvěaše	—	*plyvi	*plyvi
Dual	*plyvěaxově	*plyvěašeta	*plyvěašete	*plyvěvě	*plyvěta	—
Plural	*plyvěaxomъ	*plyvěašete	*plyvěaxǫ	*plyvěmъ	*plyvěte	—

Related terms

• *plavati
• *plaviti
• *pluti
• *pluto
• *plъtъ

Derived terms

• *plytvъ, *plytъkъ (“shallow, suitable for floating”)
• *plyska (“body of water”)
• *plyvъ (“flow, flood”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: плыць (plycʹ), плы́сці (plýsci)
  • Russian: плыть (plytʹ)
  • Ukrainian: плисти́ (plystý), пливти́ (plyvtý)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: пли́вам (plívam) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: плива (pliva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пли̑ти, пли̏вати

    Latin script: plȋti, plȉvati

• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: płëwac
  • Old Polish: płyć
    • Polish: pływać
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: plěś, plěwaś

Further reading

• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “плѝвам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 351