Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/točiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *takeitei, from Proto-Indo-European *tokʷ-éye-ti, causative of *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”).

Verb

*točiti

1. to cause to flow, run

Conjugation

Stative: *teťi (“to flow, run”)

Conjugation of *točiti, *toči, *točitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*točenьje	*točiti	*točitъ	*točilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*točenъ	*točimъ
Active	*točь	*točę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*točixъ	*toči	*toči	*točǫ	*točiši	*točitь
Dual	*točixově	*točista	*točiste	*točivě	*točita	*točite
Plural	*točixomъ	*točiste	*točišę	*točimъ	*točite	*točętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*točaaxъ	*točaaše	*točaaše	—	*toči	*toči
Dual	*točaaxově	*točaašeta	*točaašete	*točivě	*točita	—
Plural	*točaaxomъ	*točaašete	*točaaxǫ	*točimъ	*točite	—

Notes:
• (*)*točivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: точити (točiti)
    • Belarusian: тачы́ць (tačýcʹ)
    • Russian: точи́ть (točítʹ)
    • Ukrainian: точи́ти (točýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: точити (točiti)

    Glagolitic: ⱅⱁⱍⰻⱅⰻ (točiti)

  • Bulgarian: то́ча (tóča)
  • Macedonian: точи (toči)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: то̀чити

    Latin script: tòčiti

  • Slovene: tóčiti
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: točiti
    • Czech: točit
  • Kashubian: toczëc
  • Old Polish: toczyć
    • Polish: toczyć
  • Slovak: točiť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: točić
    • Lower Sorbian: tocyś

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “точить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “точить”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 254
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “точити”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 983