arat
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Finnish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
arat
- nominative plural of ara
Etymology 2[edit]
Adjective[edit]
arat
- nominative plural of arka
Anagrams[edit]
Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Of debated origin:
- Either from Proto-Uralic *šurɜ- (“to cut, divide, distribute, share”),[1][2]
- or from a Turkic language, compare Proto-Turkic *or- and Ottoman Turkish ora.[2]
Either way, it is considered to have the Hungarian suffix -t and to be the variant of Hungarian irt, with which it used to share its meaning.[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
arat
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of arat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | aratok | aratsz | arat | aratunk | arattok | aratnak | |
Def. | aratom | aratod | aratja | aratjuk | aratjátok | aratják | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | arattam | arattál | aratott | arattunk | arattatok | arattak | ||
Def. | arattam | arattad | aratta | arattuk | arattátok | aratták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. aratni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | araték | aratál | arata | aratánk | aratátok | aratának | ||
Def. | aratám | aratád | aratá | aratánk | aratátok | araták | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. arat vala, aratott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | aratandok | aratandasz | aratand | aratandunk | aratandotok | aratandanak | ||
Def. | aratandom | aratandod | aratandja | aratandjuk | aratandjátok | aratandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | aratnék | aratnál | aratna | aratnánk | aratnátok | aratnának | |
Def. | aratnám | aratnád | aratná | aratnánk (or aratnók) |
aratnátok | aratnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. aratott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | arassak | arass or arassál |
arasson | arassunk | arassatok | arassanak | |
Def. | arassam | arasd or arassad |
arassa | arassuk | arassátok | arassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. aratott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | aratni | aratnom | aratnod | aratnia | aratnunk | aratnotok | aratniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
aratás | arató | aratott | aratandó | aratva (aratván) | arattat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of arat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | arathatok | arathatsz | arathat | arathatunk | arathattok | arathatnak | |
Def. | arathatom | arathatod | arathatja | arathatjuk | arathatjátok | arathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | arathattam | arathattál | arathatott | arathattunk | arathattatok | arathattak | ||
Def. | arathattam | arathattad | arathatta | arathattuk | arathattátok | arathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | arathaték | arathatál | arathata | arathatánk | arathatátok | arathatának | ||
Def. | arathatám | arathatád | arathatá | arathatánk | arathatátok | arathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. arathat vala, arathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | arathatandok or aratandhatok |
arathatandasz or aratandhatsz |
arathatand or aratandhat |
arathatandunk or aratandhatunk |
arathatandotok or aratandhattok |
arathatandanak or aratandhatnak | ||
Def. | arathatandom or aratandhatom |
arathatandod or aratandhatod |
arathatandja or aratandhatja |
arathatandjuk or aratandhatjuk |
arathatandjátok or aratandhatjátok |
arathatandják or aratandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatandalak or aratandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | arathatnék | arathatnál | arathatna | arathatnánk | arathatnátok | arathatnának | |
Def. | arathatnám | arathatnád | arathatná | arathatnánk (or arathatnók) |
arathatnátok | arathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. arathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | arathassak | arathass or arathassál |
arathasson | arathassunk | arathassatok | arathassanak | |
Def. | arathassam | arathasd or arathassad |
arathassa | arathassuk | arathassátok | arathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. arathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (arathatni) | (arathatnom) | (arathatnod) | (arathatnia) | (arathatnunk) | (arathatnotok) | (arathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | aratható | Neg. adj. | arathatatlan | Adv. part. | (arathatva / arathatván) | ||||
Derived terms[edit]
(With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
References[edit]
- ^ Entry #1014 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 arat in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary). Language abbreviations
Further reading[edit]
- arat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- arat in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
arat (first-person possessive aratku, second-person possessive aratmu, third-person possessive aratnya)
Further reading[edit]
- “arat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Latin[edit]
Verb[edit]
arat
References[edit]
- arat in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Latvian[edit]
Verb[edit]
arat
Masbatenyo[edit]
Noun[edit]
arat
Derived terms[edit]
Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Mongolian ард (ard).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
arat m pers
Declension[edit]
Declension of arat
Further reading[edit]
- arat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Verb[edit]
arat (past participle of ara)
- past participle of ara
Etymology 2[edit]
Compare Aromanian aratru, arat, Spanish and Portuguese arado, Italian aratro (older form arato), Catalan arada). Largely replaced by plug.
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
arat n (plural arate)
Declension[edit]
Declension of arat
Related terms[edit]
Categories:
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Finnish adjective forms
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms borrowed from Turkic languages
- Hungarian terms derived from Turkic languages
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -t
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian uncountable nouns
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian verb forms
- Masbatenyo lemmas
- Masbatenyo nouns
- Polish terms borrowed from Mongolian
- Polish terms derived from Mongolian
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/arat
- Rhymes:Polish/arat/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- pl:People
- pl:Mongolia
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian past participles
- Romanian verb forms
- Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Romanian terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Romanian terms with rare senses