carbunculus

Latin

Etymology

From carbō (“a coal, charcoal”) +‎ -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /karˈbun.ku.lus/, [kärˈbʊŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /karˈbun.ku.lus/, [kärˈbuŋkulus]

Noun

carbunculus m (genitive carbunculī); second declension

1. diminutive of carbō: small coal
   1. (figurative) burning or devouring sorrow
2. (metonymically)
   1. kind of sandstone, red toph-stone
   2. reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet
   3. A disease:
      1. (pathology) kind of tumor, carbuncle
      2. (phytopathology) disease caused by hoar-frost

Inflection

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	carbunculus	carbunculī
Genitive	carbunculī	carbunculōrum
Dative	carbunculō	carbunculīs
Accusative	carbunculum	carbunculōs
Ablative	carbunculō	carbunculīs
Vocative	carbuncule	carbunculī

Descendants

Descendants of carbunculus in other languages

• → French: carboucle, carboncle
• → Galician: caruncho (semi-learned); → cabúnculo
• → Italian: carbonchio, carbuncolo
• Old Catalan: carbonclo, carblonco, corblonco, carvoncle
• → Old Northern French: charbuncle
  • → English: carbuncle
• → Portuguese: carbúnculo
• → Russian: карбу́нкул (karbúnkul)
• → Spanish: carbunclo, carbúnculo

References

• “carbunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “carbunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• carbunculus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• carbunculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.