jṯꜣ

Egyptian

Etymology

Presumably related to jṯj (“to seize”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /it͡ʃɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: itja

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to carry off, to take away [since the New Kingdom]
2. (transitive) to steal [since the New Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of jṯꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jṯꜣ, geminated stem: jṯꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jṯꜣ	jṯꜣw, jṯꜣ	jṯꜣt	jṯꜣ	jṯꜣ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jṯꜣ	ḥr jṯꜣ	m jṯꜣ	r jṯꜣ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	jṯꜣ.n	jṯꜣw, jṯꜣ	consecutive	jṯꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	jṯꜣt
perfective3	jṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	jṯꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	jṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	jṯꜣ	jṯꜣꜣ	potentialis1	jṯꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	jṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jṯꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	jṯꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	jṯꜣ	jṯꜣ, jṯꜣw5, jṯꜣy5
imperfective	jṯꜣ, jṯꜣy, jṯꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	jṯꜣ, jṯꜣj6, jṯꜣy6	jṯꜣ, jṯꜣw5
prospective	jṯꜣ, jṯꜣtj7	—	jṯꜣtj4, jṯꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jṯꜣ  

jṯꜣ

Noun

 m

1. thief [since Middle Kingdom literature]

Inflection

Declension of jṯꜣ (masculine)

singular	jṯꜣ
dual	jṯꜣwj
plural	jṯꜣw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jṯꜣ  

jṯꜣ

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 150.12–151.1
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 34
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 299.