scáth

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See also: scath

Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Irish scáth, from Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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scáth m (genitive singular scátha, nominative plural scáthanna)

  1. shadow, shade
  2. umbrella (something that covers a wide range of concepts, ideas, etc.), mantle (anything that covers or conceals something else)
  3. horror, dread
  4. shyness, timidity

Declension

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Derived terms

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
scáth not applicable not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-. Cognate with English shadow.[1]

The u-stem declension is the older one of the two.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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scáth n

  1. shadow, shade
  2. reflection
  3. phantom, spectre
  4. protection

Declension

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Neuter u-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative scáthN scáthL scáthL, scátha
Vocative scáthN scáthL scáth
Accusative scáthN scáthL scáth
Genitive scathaH, scáthaH scathaN, scáthaN scáthN
Dative scáthL scáthaib scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
Vocative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
Accusative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
Genitive scáithL scáth scáthN
Dative scáthL scáthaib scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Irish: scáth
  • Manx: scaa
  • Scottish Gaelic: sgàth
  • Middle Irish: scáthán

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
scáth scáth unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 110

Further reading

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