βουκράνιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From of βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) +‎ κρᾱνίον (krāníon, “cranium, head”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /buː.krǎː.ni.on/ → /βuˈkra.ni.on/ → /vuˈkra.ni.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /buː.krǎː.ni.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /buˈkra.ni.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βuˈkra.ni.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vuˈkra.ni.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vuˈkra.ni.on/

Noun

βουκρᾱ́νῐον • (boukrā́nion) n (genitive βουκρᾱνῐ́ου); second declension

1. ox-head, bucranium
2. black bryony (Tamus communis)

   Synonym: ἄμπελος μἐλαινα (ámpelos melaina)

3. calf's snout (Antirrhinum orontium)

   Synonyms: ἀνάρρινον (anárrhinon), ἀντίρρινον (antírrhinon), κυνοκεφάλιον (kunokephálion), πῐθήκῐον (pithḗkion)

4. fleawort (Plantago psyllium)

   Synonyms: κρυστᾰ́λλῐον (krustállion), κυνοκέφαλον (kunoképhalon), ψύλλιον (psúllion)

5. (medicine) machine for reducing dislocations

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον; τοῦ βουκρᾱνῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον tò boukrā́nion	τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω tṑ boukrāníō	τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ tà boukrā́nia
Genitive	τοῦ βουκρᾱνῐ́ου toû boukrāníou	τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν toîn boukrāníoin	τῶν βουκρᾱνῐ́ων tôn boukrāníōn
Dative	τῷ βουκρᾱνῐ́ῳ tôi boukrāníōi	τοῖν βουκρᾱνῐ́οιν toîn boukrāníoin	τοῖς βουκρᾱνῐ́οις toîs boukrāníois
Accusative	τὸ βουκρᾱ́νῐον tò boukrā́nion	τὼ βουκρᾱνῐ́ω tṑ boukrāníō	τᾰ̀ βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ tà boukrā́nia
Vocative	βουκρᾱ́νῐον boukrā́nion	βουκρᾱνῐ́ω boukrāníō	βουκρᾱ́νῐᾰ boukrā́nia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Latin: būcrānium
  • → Catalan: bucrani
  • → English: bucranium
  • → Italian: bucranio

Further reading

• “βουκράνιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• βουκράνιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βουκράνιον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)