ارتش

Persian

Etymology

A false back-formation introduced during the Reza Shah regime's Persianization program, from ارتشدار (artešdâr, “soldier”). Erroneously analyzed as a compound word made from two parts with the latter component as ـدار (-dâr, “haver”), the solecism was nonetheless officially approved.

Displaced Turkic قشون (qošun) and اردو (ordu) in Iranian Persian.

Pronunciation

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰɪ́ʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰɪ́ʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰɪ́ʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰíʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæɹ.t̪ʰéʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäɾ.t̪ʰíʃ]

Readings
Dari reading?	artiš
Iranian reading?	arteš
Tajik reading?	artiš

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	اردو
Iranian Persian	ارتش
Tajik	армия, қӯшун, артиш

اَرْتِش • (arteš)

1. (Iran, military) army

   Synonyms: اُرْدو (ordu), سِپاه (sepâh), لَشْکَر (laškar), قشون (qošun)

2. (Iran) Islamic Republic of Iran Army

Derived terms

• اَرْتِشی (arteši)
• اَرْتِشْبُد (artešbod)

Descendants

• → Northern Kurdish: artêş
• → Azerbaijani: ərteş