ܒܬ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms

• ܒܸܕ (bid)

Etymology

Likely from *ܒܥܹܐ ܕ (*bˁē d, “he (it) is wished that”). Compare Turoyo ܓ݄ܕ.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [bit]

Particle

ܒܸܬ • (bit)

1. (auxiliary) Used to express the future tense

   ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܢ ܠܡܲܕܪܵܫܬܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ. ― ānā bit āzēn lmadrāštā qudmē. ― I will go to school tomorrow.

2. (auxiliary, used with past participle and verb inflected ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē)) Used to express the future anterior

   ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܝܢ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ. ― ānā bit hāwēn ˁḇīdā qudmē. ― I will have finished it tomorrow.

3. (auxiliary, used with past participle and ܗ݇ܘܵܐ (wā)) Used to express the conditional tense.

   ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܩܵܝܡܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܡܵܬܵܐ ܐܸܢ ܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܵܟ݂ܵܐ. ― ānā bit qāymēn wā min mātā in lā ìwet wā āḵā. ― I would leave the village if you were not here.

4. (auxiliary, used with past participle and conditional of the verb inflected ܗܵܘܹܐ (hawe)) Used to express the past conditional tense.

   ܐܸܢ ܐܵܢܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܩܵܛܹ̈ܐ، ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼ̈ܠܝܼ ܥܵܩܘܼܒܪܹ̈ܐ. ― in ānā layt wā lī qāṭē, bit hāwī wā ḵīlī ˁāqubrē. ― If I had not had cats, the rats would have eaten me.

Usage notes

• Some dialects distinguish between this word as “will” and ܙܝܼ (zī) as “going to”.
  • In Urmia: Sometimes ܒ is an invariable particle. Rarely used in Tyari and Ashiret where, before 'ܐ' or 'ܕ' alone is used
  • In Tyari: ܕܐܵܙܹܠ (d-āzēl, “he will go”)
  • In Tyari, Zakho: ܓܸܕ (gid)
  • In Azerbaijan, Iran: ܓܒܹܐ (gbē)