ܝܘܢ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

ܝܘܢ

ܐܬܐ ܕܝܘܢ

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܝܘܢ, from Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn) and Ἰωνία (Iōnía); compare Hebrew יָוָן (yaván) and Arabic الْيُونَان (al-yūnān).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [jɑːwɑnː]

Proper noun

ܝܵܘܵܢ • (yāwān) f

1. Greece (a country in Southeast Europe)
   • Acts 20:2:

     ܚܕܝܼܪܹܗ ܒܗ̇ܘ ܐܲܬܪܵܐ، ܘܝܘܼܗ݇ܒܹܠ ܠܹܗ ܠܸܒܵܐ ܠܐ݇ܢܵܫܹ̈ܐ ܒܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܠܝܵܘܵܢ.

     Now when he had gone over that region and encouraged them with many words, he came to Greece.

   • Daniel 8:21:

     ܬܲܝܫܵܐ ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬܵܐ ܕܝܵܘܵܢ ܝܼܠܹܗ. ܩܲܪ݇ܢܵܐ ܓܘܼܪܬܵܐ ܕܒܹܝܠ ܥܲܝ̈ܢܘܼܗܝ، ܗ̇ܘ ܝܠܹܗ ܡܲܠܟܵܐ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ.

     tayšā malkūtā d-yāwān īlēh. qannā gurtā d-bēl ˁaynūh, awa ìlēh malkā qammāyā.

     And the male goat is the kingdom of Greece. The large horn that is between its eyes is the first king.

Related terms

• ܝܵܘܢܵܝܵܐ (yāwnāyā, “Greek”)
• ܝܵܘܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (yāwnāˀīṯ, “Greek language”)

Proper noun

ܝܵܘܵܢ • (yāwān) m

1. (biblical) Javan, the fourth son of Japheth
   • Genesis 10:2:

     ܒܢܘܿܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܝܲܦ̮ܬ: ܓܵܡܵܪ، ܘܡܵܓܘܿܓ، ܘܡܵܕܲܝ، ܘܝܵܘܵܢ، ܘܬܘܼܒܵܠ، ܘܡܵܫܵܟ، ܘܬܝܼܪܵܣ.

     bnōnē d-yaft: gāmār, w-māgōg, w-māday, wyāwān, w-tūbāl, w-māšāk, w-tīrās.

     The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.

Etymology 2

Root
ܗ ܘ ܐ (h w ˀ)
8 terms

Likely from a variant form of the verb ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē, “to be”) forming unattested *ܝܲܗܘܹܝܢ (*yahwēn) or a corruption of ܗܵܘܹܝܢ (hāwēn), both theoretically being contractions of *ܝܲܗܘܹܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܐ (*yahwē nā) or *ܗܵܘܹܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܐ (*hāwē nā) respectively.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʔiːwɪn.]

Verb

ܝܼܘܸܢ • (īwen) m

1. first-person singular masculine present indicative of ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē): I am

Etymology 3

Likely from a variant form of the verb ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē, “to be”) forming unattested *ܝܲܗܘܵܢ (*yahwān) or a corruption of ܗܵܘܝܵܢ (hāwyān), both theoretically being contractions of *ܝܲܗܘܵܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܐ (*yahwā nā) or *ܗܵܘܝܵܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܐ (*hāwyā nā) respectively.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʔiːwɑnː]

Verb

ܝܼܘܵܢ • (īwān) m

1. first-person singular feminine present indicative of ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē): I am

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [yawɑn]

Noun

ܝܘܢ • (yawān) m

1. (biblical) Javan
2. A historical region in Southeast Europe, home of the Greeks

   Synonyms: ܒܝܬ ܝܘܢܝ̈ܐ, ܗܠܣ

3. Greece (a country in Southeast Europe)

   Synonym: ܩܘܛܢܝܘܬܐ ܝܘܢܝܬܐ

Derived terms

• ܝܘܢܝܐ (“Greek”)
  • ܝܘܢܐܝܬ (“in Greek”)

Related terms

• ܐܢܛܘܠܝܐ (“Anatolia”)
• ܒܘܙܢܛܝܘܢ (“Byzantium”)
• ܐܬܢܘܣ (“Athens”)
• ܐܣܦܪܛܝܐ (“Spartan”)
• ܠܐܩܘܢܝܩܐ (“Laconian”)

References

• ܝܘܢ on syriacdictionary.net
• Bar Bahlul, Ḥasan (a. 1000) Duval, Rubens, editor, Lexicon Syriacum (Collection Orientale; 15–17) (in Classical Syriac), Paris: e Reipublicæ typographæo, published 1901, page 419
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 190
• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 570
• Payne Smith, Robert (1879–1901) Thesaurus Syriacus (in Latin), Oxford: Clarendon Press

Further reading

ܝܘܢ on the Aramaic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^arc