ܪܘܦܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Compare Classical Syriac ܪܦܫܐ (rap̄šā) and Arabic رَفْش (rafš).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [rufʃaː], [ruwʃaː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [rˤuːʃa]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [ruːʃa]
• (Tyari) IPA^(key): [rˤoːʃa], [rˤuːʃa], [rˤawʃa]

Noun

ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܐ • (rufšā) m sg (plural ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܹܐ (rufšānē) or ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܫܹܐ (rufšāšē))

1. (anatomy) shoulder

   Synonym: ܟܲܬ݂ܦܵܐ (kaṯpā)

   ܫܓ݂ܘܿܫܘܼܢ ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܘܪܩܘܿܕ݂ܘܼܢ! ― šḡōšūn rufšānāwḵōn w-rqōḏūn! ― Shake your shoulders and dance!

2. (figurative) side

   Synonyms: ܓܹܒܵܐ (gēbā), ܕܸܦܢܵܐ (dipnā)

   ܦܠܘܿܛ ܡ̣ܢ ܗ̇ܘ ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܐ. ܐܵܟ݂ܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܡܲܦܩܵܐ

   plōṭ min awa rufšā. āḵā layt mapqā

   Leave from that side. There is no exit here.

Usage notes

This word is masculine, despite the tendency in Semitic languages for body parts that come in pairs to be feminine.

Inflection

Inflection of ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܐ (rufšā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܝܼ (rufšī)		ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܲܢ (rufšan)
	construct	ܪܘܿܦ̮ܲܫ (rōfaš)	2nd person	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܘܼܟ݂ (rufšūḵ)	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܟ݂ܝ (rufšāḵ)	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rufšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܐ (rufšā)	3rd person	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܹܗ (rufšēh)	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܗ̇ (rufšāh)	ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܗܘܿܢ (rufšhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܝܼ (rufšānī)		ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܲܢ (rufšānan)
	construct	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢ (rufšān)	2nd person	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (rufšānūḵ)	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (rufšānāḵ)	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (rufšānāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܹܐ (rufšānē)	3rd person	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܘܼܗܝ (rufšānūh)	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܘܿܗ̇ (rufšānōh)	ܪ̈ܘܼܦ̮ܫܵܢܗܘܿܢ (rufšānhōn)

Derived terms

• ܪܘܼܦ̮ܫܬܵܐ (rufštā, “shovel, spade”)