უნდა
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Georgian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
The verbal meaning comes directly from Old Georgian უნდა, which used to be the imperfect, thus the -დ- screeve marker, the modern form created required screeves (უნდოდა, უნდოდეს)
Pronunciation[edit]
Particle[edit]
უნდა • (unda)
- have to, should, ought to, need, must
- მგონი უნდა მიხვიდე მასთან და ბოდიში მოუხადო
- mgoni unda mixvide mastan da bodiši mouxado
- I think you should go and apologize to her
- აუცილებლად უნდა დატოვო ქვეყანა
- aucileblad unda daṭovo kveq̇ana
- You must leave the country
Usage notes[edit]
- The particle is accompanied by the present subjunctive, optative, or pluperfect screeves of a verb.
- If one wants to emphasize a strong obligation upon someone, they may use the adverb აუცილებლად (aucileblad) just before the particle.
Verb[edit]
უნდა • (unda) (third-person singular present indicative, verbal noun ნდომა)
- to want
Derived terms[edit]
- ვისაც არ უნდა (visac ar unda)