濟濟

Chinese

Etymology 1

		aid; ferry; frugal	aid; ferry; frugal
trad. (濟濟)		濟	濟
simp. (济济)		济	济

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐjǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ ㄐㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zai² zai²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ché-ché

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐjǐ [Phonetic: jíjǐ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ㄐㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐjǐ
    • Wade–Giles: chi³-chi³
    • Yale: jǐ-jǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiijii
    • Palladius: цзицзи (cziczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zai² zai²
    • Yale: jái jái
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai² dzai²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei² zei²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³⁵ t͡sɐi̯³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ché-ché
    • Tâi-lô: tsé-tsé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefzea
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡se⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsejX tsejX

Rime
Character	濟
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	子禮切
Baxter	tsejX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡seiX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡seiX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɛiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɛjX/
Li Rong	/t͡seiX/
Wang Li	/t͡sieiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sieiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zai2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤ[i]jʔ  [ts]ˤ[i]jʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsliːlʔ  ʔsliːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	濟
Reading #	1/5
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsejX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁ[i]jʔ/
English	numerous
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濟
Reading #	1/2
No.	10043
Phonetic component	齊
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	濟
Old Chinese	/*ʔsliːlʔ/

Adjective

濟濟

1. (of people) many
2. beautiful

Derived terms

• 人才濟濟／人才济济 (réncáijǐjǐ)
• 濟濟一堂／济济一堂 (jǐjǐyītáng)
• 濟濟多士／济济多士
• 濟濟彬彬／济济彬彬
• 濟濟鏘鏘／济济锵锵
• 衣冠濟濟／衣冠济济
• 蹡蹡濟濟／𬧀𬧀济济

 

Etymology 2

		aid; ferry; frugal	aid; ferry; frugal
trad. (濟濟)		濟	濟
simp. (济济)		济	济
alternative forms		多多 儕儕／侪侪

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chōe-chōe / chē-chē

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōe-chōe
    • Tâi-lô: tsuē-tsuē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoexzoe
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sue²²⁻²¹ t͡sue²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sue³³⁻¹¹ t͡sue³³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē-chē
    • Tâi-lô: tsē-tsē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zexze
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se³³⁻²¹ t͡se³³/

Adjective

濟濟

1. (Southern Min) many