곪다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean 곪다 (Yale: kwolmta).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈko̞(ː)mt͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [곰(ː)따]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gomda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | golmda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | komta |
| Yale Romanization? | kōlmta |
Verb[edit]
곪다 • (gomda) (infinitive 곪아, sequential 곪으니)
- (of a wound) To fester
- (of an issue, figuratively) To come to a head
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the verb 곪다 (gomda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 곪는다 gomneunda |
곪아 golma |
곪아요 golmayo |
곪습니다 gomseumnida |
| Past | 곪았다 golmatda |
곪았어 golmasseo |
곪았어요 golmasseoyo |
곪았습니다 golmatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 곪느냐 gomneunya |
곪아 golma |
곪아요 golmayo |
곪습니까 gomseumnikka |
| Past | 곪았느냐 golmanneunya |
곪았어 golmasseo |
곪았어요 golmasseoyo |
곪았습니까 golmatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 곪자 gomja |
곪아 golma |
곪아요 golmayo |
곪으십시다 golmeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 곪아라 golmara |
곪아 golma |
곪아요 golmayo |
곪읍시오 golmeupsio | |
| Assertive | 곪겠다 gomgetda |
곪겠어 gomgesseo |
곪겠어요 gomgesseoyo |
곪겠습니다 gomgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 곪아 golma |
곪아서 golmaseo |
곪으니 golmeuni |
곪으니까 golmeunikka | |
| Contrast | 곪지만 gomjiman |
곪는데 gomneunde |
곪더니 gomdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 곪고 gomgo |
||||
| Condition | 곪으면 golmeumyeon |
곪아야 golmaya |
|||
| Motive | 곪으려고 golmeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 곪음 golmeum |
곪기 gomgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 곪았음 golmasseum |
곪았기 golmatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 곪은 golmeun | |||
| Present | 곪는 gomneun | ||||
| Future | 곪을 golmeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 곪으신다 golmeusinda |
곪으셔 golmeusyeo |
곪으세요, 곪으셔요 golmeuseyo, golmeusyeoyo |
곪으십니다 golmeusimnida |
| Past | 곪으셨다 golmeusyeotda |
곪으셨어 golmeusyeosseo |
곪으셨어요 golmeusyeosseoyo |
곪으셨습니다 golmeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 곪으시느냐 golmeusineunya |
곪으셔 golmeusyeo |
곪으세요, 곪으셔요 golmeuseyo, golmeusyeoyo |
곪으십니까 golmeusimnikka |
| Past | 곪으셨느냐 golmeusyeonneunya |
곪으셨어 golmeusyeosseo |
곪으셨어요 golmeusyeosseoyo |
곪으셨습니까 golmeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 곪으시라 golmeusira |
곪으셔 golmeusyeo |
곪으세요 golmeuseyo |
곪으십시오 golmeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 곪으시겠다 golmeusigetda |
곪으시겠어 golmeusigesseo |
곪으시겠어요 golmeusigesseoyo |
곪으시겠습니다 golmeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 곪으셔 golmeusyeo |
곪으셔서 golmeusyeoseo |
곪으시니 golmeusini |
곪으시니까 golmeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 곪으시지만 golmeusijiman |
곪으시는데 golmeusineunde |
곪으시더니 golmeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 곪으시고 golmeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 곪으시면 golmeusimyeon |
곪으셔야 golmeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 곪으시려고 golmeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 곪으심 golmeusim |
곪으시기 golmeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 곪으셨음 golmeusyeosseum |
곪으셨기 golmeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 곪으신 golmeusin | |||
| Present | 곪으시는 golmeusineun | ||||
| Future | 곪으실 golmeusil | ||||