Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skakkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *skoknéh₂-, an iterative to *skehaną (“to move quickly”), *skakaną (“to shake”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskɑk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skakkōną

1. (West Germanic) to shake

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stems, singular *skakk- against non-singular *skag-.

Conjugation of *skakkōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skakkō	*skakkǭ	—	*skakkōi	?
2nd singular	*skakkōsi	*skakkōs	*skakkō	*skakkōsai	*skakkōsau
3rd singular	*skakkōþi	*skakkō	*skakkōþau	*skakkōþai	*skakkōþau
1st dual	*skakkōs	*skakkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skakkōþiz	*skakkōþiz	*skakkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*skakkōmaz	*skakkōm	—	*skakkōnþai	*skakkōnþau
2nd plural	*skakkōþ	*skakkōþ	*skakkōþ	*skakkōnþai	*skakkōnþau
3rd plural	*skakkōnþi	*skakkōn	*skakkōnþau	*skakkōnþai	*skakkōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skakkōdǭ	*skakkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*skakkōdēz	*skakkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*skakkōdē	*skakkōdēdī
1st dual	*skakkōdēdū	*skakkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*skakkōdēdudiz	*skakkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*skakkōdēdum	*skakkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*skakkōdēdud	*skakkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*skakkōdēdun	*skakkōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*skakkōndz	*skakkōdaz

Related terms

• *skukkōną

Descendants

• Middle English: schaggen
  • English: shag
• Middle High German: schacken

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN