Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lakci

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *lakti (compare Proto-Samic *luoktë), borrowed from Proto-Baltic *lankti- (compare e.g. Lithuanian lanktis (“arc”), Lithuanian lanka (“valley, meadow”); Latvian līcis (“bay”)).

Noun

*lakci

1. bay, gulf

Inflection

Inflection of *lakci

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*lakci	*laktët
accusative		*laktën	*laktët
genitive		*laktën	*laktën *lakcidën
partitive		*lakta	*lakcida
inessive		*laktëssa *laktëhna	*lakcissa *lakcihna
elative		*laktësta	*lakcista
illative		*laktëhën	*lakcihën
adessive		*laktëlla	*lakcilla
ablative		*laktëlta	*lakcilta
allative		*laktëlën *laktëlëk	*lakcilën *lakcilëk
essive		*laktëna	*lakcina
translative		*laktëksi	*lakciksi
instructive		*laktën	*lakcin
comitative		*laktënëk	*lakcinëk
abessive		*laktëtta	*lakcitta

Descendants

Most descendants have -ht- in the nominative form, but this must be analogical, due to the word being mostly used in inflected forms. Swedish lax, common in placenames in Finland, preserves the Old Finnish form.

• Estonian: laht
  • → Võro: laht'
• Finnish: lahti, (dialectal) laksi
  • → Swedish: -lax (in toponyms)
• Ingrian: lahti, (obsolete) laksi
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: lakši
  • South Karelian: (dialectal) lakši
• Livvi: lahti
• Ludian: laht
• Veps: laht
• Votic: lahti
• → Russian: лахта (laxta) (dialectal, Northern Russia)
• → Russian: -лохта (-loxta) (in toponyms in Northern Russia, particularly in Belozersk area and along rivers Mezen and Pinega)
• → Russian: -лахта (-laxta) (in toponyms in Northern Russia)

References

• “laht”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN