Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erþōkundaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From *erþō (“earth”) + *kundaz (“born”). It is uncertain whether this adjective already existed in Proto-Germanic; the apparent descendants may also be explained as parallel post-Proto-Germanic formations. The Gothic term is commonly cited as a calque of Latin terrigena.[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
*erþōkundaz[3]
- terrestrial, of earthly birth
Inflection[edit]
Declension of *erþōkundaz (a-stem)
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *erþōkundaz | *erþōkundai | *erþōkundō | *erþōkundôz | *erþōkundą, *-at(ō) | *erþōkundō |
| accusative | *erþōkundanǭ | *erþōkundanz | *erþōkundǭ | *erþōkundōz | *erþōkundą, *-at(ō) | *erþōkundō |
| genitive | *erþōkundas, *erþōkundis | *erþōkundaizǫ̂ | *erþōkundaizōz | *erþōkundaizǫ̂ | *erþōkundas, *erþōkundis | *erþōkundaizǫ̂ |
| dative | *erþōkundammai | *erþōkundaimaz | *erþōkundaizōi | *erþōkundaimaz | *erþōkundammai | *erþōkundaimaz |
| instrumental | *erþōkundanō | *erþōkundaimiz | *erþōkundaizō | *erþōkundaimiz | *erþōkundanō | *erþōkundaimiz |
| weak declension | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural | |
| nominative | *erþōkundô | *erþōkundaniz | *erþōkundǭ | *erþōkundōniz | *erþōkundô | *erþōkundōnō |
| accusative | *erþōkundanų | *erþōkundanunz | *erþōkundōnų | *erþōkundōnunz | *erþōkundô | *erþōkundōnō |
| genitive | *erþōkundiniz | *erþōkundanǫ̂ | *erþōkundōniz | *erþōkundōnǫ̂ | *erþōkundiniz | *erþōkundanǫ̂ |
| dative | *erþōkundini | *erþōkundammaz | *erþōkundōni | *erþōkundōmaz | *erþōkundini | *erþōkundammaz |
| instrumental | *erþōkundinē | *erþōkundammiz | *erþōkundōnē | *erþōkundōmiz | *erþōkundinē | *erþōkundammiz |
Descendants[edit]
- Old English: eorþcund
- Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍃 (airþakunds)
References[edit]
- ^ Miller, D. Gary (2019) The Oxford Gothic Grammar, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 306
- ^ Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “A86. airþa-kunds”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 18-19
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*erþa-kundaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 85