Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mh₁nos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *-menos, *-mnos

Reconstruction

The -ā- in the Sanskrit descendant is an innovation, from the athematic Proto-Indo-European *-C-m̥h₁no- > Proto-Indo-Iranian *-C-aHno- > Sanskrit -C-āna being remodelled for the thematic paradigm. The Middle Indo-Aryan form -mina reflects the regular outcome of Proto-Indo-Iranian *-mHnas, pointing to the regular form being preserved in an unattested Old Indo-Aryan dialect.

Suffix

*-mh₁nos

1. Forms the middle participle.

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Proto-Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: -μενος (-menos)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-mHnas
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-mHnas
    • Sanskrit: -मान (-māna) (thematic), आन (āna) (athematic) (-ā- in the thematic form is by analogy with the athematic form; the expected thematic form, *-mina, is attested in Middle Indo-Aryan)
      • Maharastri Prakrit: -𑀫𑀺𑀦 (-mina)
      • Pali: -māna
  • Proto-Iranian: *-mHnah
    • Avestan: 𐬨𐬥𐬀 (mna) (thematic), 𐬁𐬥𐬀 (āna) (athematic)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *-mna
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri: (< *-nna)

        Kamviri: -në-

        Kativiri: -në-

      • Prasuni: -ma-, -mi- (< *-mma)
• Proto-Italic: *-manos
  • Latin: -mnus (thematic), -mina (athematic) (only in alumnus, fēmina)
  • Latin: -minī (2pl suffix of deponent verbs)
• Proto-Tocharian:
  • Tocharian A: -māṃ
  • Tocharian B: -mane