Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hárdʰas
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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-Iranian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁érdʰ-o-s, from *h₁erdʰe (“separately, apart”) + *-os, from *h₁er- (“separately”) + *dʰe (locative particle). Cognate with Lithuanian ardýti (“to pull down, destroy”) and erdvas (“wide, spacious”),[1][2] as well as perhaps Proto-Slavic *orz- (“dis-, un-”).[3]
Noun[edit]
*Hárdʰas m[1]
Declension[edit]
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *Hárdʰas | *Hárdʰā | *Hárdʰā, -ās(as) |
| vocative | *Hárdʰa | *Hárdʰā | *Hárdʰā, -ās(as) |
| accusative | *Hárdʰam | *Hárdʰā | *Hárdʰāns |
| instrumental | *Hárdʰā | *HárdʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *Hárdʰāyš |
| ablative | *Hárdʰāt | *HárdʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *Hárdʰaybʰyas |
| dative | *Hárdʰāy | *HárdʰaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām | *Hárdʰaybʰyas |
| genitive | *Hárdʰasya | *Hárdʰayās | *Hárdʰāna(H)m |
| locative | *Hárdʰay | *Hárdʰayaw | *Hárdʰayšu |
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hárdʰas
- Sanskrit: अर्ध (árdha) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hárdah (see there for further descendants)
- →? Proto-Finno-Permic: *ertä[4]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “árdha”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 119
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*orz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 377: “pref. ‘dis-, un-’”
- ^ Sammallahti, Pekka (1999) “Saamen kielen ja saamelaisten alkuperästä”, in Fogelberg, Paul, editor, Pohjan poluilla: Suomalaisten juuret nykytutkimuksen mukaan, Helsinki, →ISBN, pages 70–90