Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/ḳwer-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Noun

*ḳwer-

1. crow

Reconstruction notes

Uncertain; Svan descendant is variously glossed as crow or stork. Technically it could rather be a descendant of Proto-Kartvelian *c̣₁ero- instead.}}

Affrication of word-initial *ḳ is regular for Svan, compare: ჭაშ (č̣aš, “husband”) ← Proto-Kartvelian *ḳac₁- (“male”), ჭიშხ (č̣išx) ← Proto-Kartvelian *ḳurc₁x- (“foot”).

Descendants

• Proto-Georgian-Zan:
  • Zan:
    • Laz: კვაი (ǩvai), კვაროჯი (ǩvaroci); კვარი (ǩvari); კვაჲი (ǩvayi)
    • ⇒ Mingrelian: კვარია (ḳvaria), ყვარია (q̇varia), ჸვარია (ʾvaria)
• >? Svan: ჭო̈̄რ (č̣ȫr, “crow; stork (Ciconia spp.)”), ჭუ̂ე̄რ (č̣ûēr), ჭუ̂ერ (č̣ûer), ჭერ (č̣er)

References

• Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 93
• Čuxua, Merab (2009) “Damaṭebiti masalebi saertokartveluri puʒe-enis leksiḳuri pondisatvis [The Additional Materials for the Commonkartvelian Proto-language Lexical Fund]”, in Kartvelur enata sṭrukṭuris saḳitxebi (in Georgian), number 10, Tbilisi: Universali, page 229 of 227–250, connects with Georgian კვირიონი (ḳvirioni, “European bee-eater (Merops apiaster)”), which is unlikely to be unrelated due to the difference in meanings
• Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2020) “Damaṭebani kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳonisatvis - VII [Addenda to Etymological Dictionary of Kartvelian Languages - VII]”, in Eṭimologiuri ʒiebani (in Georgian), volume XVII, Tbilisi: Dedaena, page 26 of 23–33

Further reading

• Čikobava, Arnold (1938) Č̣anur-megrul-kartuli šedarebiti leksiḳoni [Laz–Megrel–Georgian Comparative Dictionary] (Works; IV) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics, published 2008, page 121
• Klimov, G. A. (1964) “*q̇wa-”, in Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, pages 209–210