Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/ńulni

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This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Uralic *ńale-. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *nooldak and Proto-Samic *ńoalōtēk.

Verb

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*ńulni (stem *ńul-)

  1. (transitive) to lick

Conjugation

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Conjugation of *ńulni (stem: *ńul-)
Note: The Proto-Permic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
Present Future Preterite Perfect
1st singular *ńula *ńuli *ńulämi
2nd singular *ńulad *ńulid *ńulämid
3rd singular *ńulä *ńulas *ńuli *ńulämi
1st plural *ńulami *ńulimi *ńulämmi
2nd plural *ńuladi *ńulidi *ńulämdi
3rd plural *ńula *ńulazi *ńuli *ńulämi
Imperative Connegative
Singular *ńul Infinitive *ńulni
Plural *ńulä Gerund *ńulman
Present participle Imperfect participle Perfect participle Caritive participle
*ńuliś *ńulan *ńuläm *ńultäm

Descendants

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  • Komi:
    • Komi-Permyak: ню́вны (ńúvny)
    • Komi-Yazva: нюлнө́ (ńulnǻ)
    • Komi-Zyrian: нювны (ńuvny)
  • Udmurt: нюлыны (ńulyny)

References

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  • Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “нювны”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka