Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/glazъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gleǵ- (“round, spherical, stone”).

Possible cognate Russian Church Slavonic глезнъ (gleznŭ, “ankle, heel”) (from Proto-Slavic *gleznъ (“ankle”), from pre-Slavic *gleǵn-) and Old Norse klakkr (“bump, hillock”), Norwegian klakk, dial. Swedish klakk (“heel (shoe); knoll in the field”), Middle High German klac (“a bang, crack, split”) (from pre-Germanic *gloǵno-). Also compare Sanskrit ग्लह m (glaha, “gaming, dice”).

Noun

*glȃzъ m

1. ball, stone
2. eyeball

   Synonym: *ȍko

Inflection

Declension of *glȃzъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*glȃzъ	*glȃza	*glȃzi
genitive	*glȃza	*glazù	*glãzъ
dative	*glȃzu	*glazomà	*glazòmъ
accusative	*glȃzъ	*glȃza	*glȃzy
instrumental	*glȃzъmь, *glȃzomь*	*glazomà	*glazý
locative	*glȃzě	*glazù	*glazě̃xъ
vocative	*glaze	*glȃza	*glȃzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *glazikъ
• *glazъkъ
• *glazьcь
• *glazьnъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: глазъ (glazŭ, “ball; eye”)
    • Middle Russian: глазъ (glaz, “eye”)
      • Russian: глаз (glaz, “eye”)
        • → Ukrainian: глаз (hlaz, “eye”) (slang​)
    • Old Ruthenian: глазъ (hlaz, “eye”)
      • Belarusian: глаз (hlaz, “eye”) (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Old Ruthenian: Глаз (Hlaz) (proper name)
    • ⇒ Middle Russian: Глаз (Glaz), Глазъ (Glaz), Глазко (Glazko) (proper name)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: *глаз (*glaz, “big stone”) (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: Гла́зо (Glázo) (given name​); Гла́зов (Glázov) (surname​)
  • ⇒ Macedonian: Глас (Glas, “Rock”) (toponym)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hlaz (“eye”)
  • Old Polish: głaz (“river boulder; pebbles, coarse sand”)
    • Polish: głaz (“boulder; large rock”)
    • ⇒ Polish: Głaz (surname​)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*glazъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 117
• Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1995), “glȃzъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 7 (ga – gobьdzь), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 90
• Anikin, A. E. (2016) “глаз”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 10 (галочка – глыча), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 270
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “глаз”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “глазки́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka