Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ǖš

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*ǖĺ

Reconstruction

1. The irregular reflex of *ĺ in some Siberian languages presupposes tabooistic interlingual borrowings; (Tuvan < Yakut, Shor < Khakas).
2. Almost all of Kipchak languages have adopted the Mongolic form, where all descended from Proto-Mongolic *silexüsün. Compare Bashkir һеләүһен (heləwhen), Kyrgyz сүлөөсүн (sülöösün), Mongolian шилүүс (šilüüs) and even Chinese 猞猁猻／猞猁狲 (shēlìsūn).

Etymology

The Turkish vaşak and Azerbaijani term vaşaq for lynx, might also be a descendant of *ǖš with some influences from Arabic or Persian, or directly a borrowing from Arabic وشق (wašaq).

Noun

*ǖš

1. (Common Turkic) lynx

   Synonym: *(i)anduk (“a kind of lynx”)

Declension

Declension of *ǖš

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ǖš
Accusative	*ǖšni, *ǖšüg 4), *ǖšnig 1)
Genitive	*ǖšniŋ
Dative	*ǖške
Locative	*ǖšde
Ablative	*ǖšden
Allative	*ǖšgerü
Instrumental 2)	*ǖšün
Equative 2)	*ǖšče
Similative 2)	*ǖšleyü
Comitative 2)	*ǖšlügü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

• *ǖšek (“lynx; likely a diminutive of *ǖš”)

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • ⇒ Ottoman Turkish: اوشك (üşek)
        • Turkish: üşek
• Karluk:
  • ⇒ Karakhanid: [script needed] (üşek)
• Siberian:
  • North Siberian:
    • ⇒ Dolgan: үс-кис (üs-kis, “sable”)
    • Yakut: үүс (üüs)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yeniseian:
      • Khakas: ӱс (üs)
      • Shor: ӱc (üs)
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: үс (üs)
      • Tuvan: үс (üs)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ǖĺ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 523
• Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 159