Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bēr-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*bēr-

1. (transitive) to give

   Antonym: *ạl- (“to take”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: пар (par)
• Common Turkic: *bẹ̄r-

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: vêrmək
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: vermək
    • Ottoman Turkish: ویرمك (vérmek)
      • Turkish: vermek
      • Gagauz: vermää
  • Turkmen: bermek
  • Salar: ver
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: بيٖرْماكْ (bērmäk)
    • Chagatai: برماک (bärmäk)
      • Uzbek: bermoq
      • Uyghur: بەرمەك (bermek)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: биреү (birew)
    • Tatar: бирергә (birergä)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: bermek
    • Kumyk: бермек (bermek)
    • Karachay-Balkar: берирге (berirge)
    • Karaim: [script needed] (ver-)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: берүү (berüü)
    • Southern Altai: [script needed] (ber-)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: beriw
    • Kazakh: беру (beru)
    • Nogai: бермек (bermek)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: -𐰋𐰃𐰼 (-b²ir² /⁠bér-⁠/)
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ber-)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: [script needed] (bier)
    • Yakut: биэр (bier)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: [script needed] (ber-)
      • Tuvan: бээр (beer)
    • Yenisei:
      • Shor: [script needed] (per-)
      • Khakas: [script needed] (pir-)
      • Western Yugur: [script needed] (per-)