Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yān

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *yā- +‎ *-n.

Noun

*yān

1. side

Declension

Declension of *yān

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yān
Accusative	*yānnï, *yānïg 4), *yānnïg 1)
Genitive	*yānnïŋ
Dative	*yānka
Locative	*yānta
Ablative	*yāntan
Allative	*yāngaru
Instrumental 2)	*yānïn
Equative 2)	*yānča
Similative 2)	*yānlayu
Comitative 2)	*yānlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Related terms

• *yāk

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫум (śum)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yâan
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani:

      Azerbaijani: yan

    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Gagauz: yan
      • Turkish: yan
  • Turkmen: ýan
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid:
    • Uyghur: يان (yan)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ян (yan)
    • Tatar:

      Cyrillic script: ян (yan)

      Latin script: yan

  • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Kumyk-Karachay:
      • Karachay-Balkar: джан (can)
    • Crimean Tatar:

      Crimean Tatar: yan-yanaşa (“side by side”)

  • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Karakalpak:

      Karakalpak: жанбас (“side of the body”)

    • Kazakh:

      Kazakh: жан (jan)

    • Nogai: ян (yan)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жан (jan)
    • Southern Altai: јан (ǰan)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (yan)
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yan)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: чан (çan)
    • Yenisei:
      • Shor: чан
      • Khakas: чан (çan), нан (nan)