Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yeŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yeŕ

1. copper, brass

See also

• *bakïr

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *jer
    • ⇒ Classical Mongolian: ᠵᠡᠷ
      ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ (ǰer ǰebseg, “weapons”)
      • ⇒ Mongolian: зэр зэвсэг (zer zevseg, “weapons”)
• Common Turkic: *yez

• → Proto-Mongolic: *jes
  • Classical Mongolian: ᠵᠡᠷ (ǰer, “copper”)
    • Mongolian: зэс (zes, “copper”)
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: yez
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid:
    • Chagatai:
      • Uyghur: جەز (jez)
      • Uzbek: jez
• Kipchak
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: еҙ (yeź)
    • Tatar: җиз (ciz)
    • → Chuvash: йӗс (jĕs)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Kumyk: ез (yez)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: жез (jez)
    • Nogai: ез (yez)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жез (jez)
    • Southern Altai: јес (ǰes)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: чес (çes)
    • Yeniseian Turkic:
      • Northern Altai: чес (čes)
      • Shor: чес

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 982
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 199
• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, pages 168-169
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jEŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume I, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 421