céssad

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• césad, cǽsad, césath

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkʲeːsað]

Noun

céssad m (genitive césto)

1. verbal noun of césaid
2. suffering, torment
3. (Christianity) the Passion
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 19^b6

     Ro·pridchad dúib céssad Críst amal ad·cethe ꝉ fo·rócrad dúib amal bid fíadib no·crochthe.

     Christ’s Passion has been preached to you as though it were seen; or it has been announced to you as if he had been crucified before you.

Declension

Masculine u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	céssad	céssadL	céstaeH
Vocative	céssad	céssadL	céstu
Accusative	céssadN	céssadL	céstu
Genitive	céstoH, céstaH	céstoL, céstaL	céstaeN
Dative	céssadL	céstaib	céstaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
céssad	chéssad	céssad pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “césad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language