khwela

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kóɪda.

Verb

-khwéla

1. to climb

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kóɪda.

Verb

-khwéla

1. to climb into (a tree, vehicle, etc.)
2. to ride

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kóɪda.

Verb

-khwéla

1. to ride

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kóɪda.

Verb

-khwéla

1. (transitive) to ascend, to climb
2. (transitive) to mount, to get onto, to ride
3. (transitive) to catch (bus, train, etc.)
4. (transitive) to annoy, to harass, to irk, to pester, to vex, to upset

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukukhwela
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhwela	ukungakhweli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khwela	-khwele
Plural	khwelani	-khweleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhwela, ngikhwela	engikhwelayo, engikhwela	ngikhwela	angikhweli	engingakhweli	ngingakhweli
2nd singular	uyakhwela, ukhwela	okhwelayo, okhwela	ukhwela	awukhweli	ongakhweli	ungakhweli
1st plural	siyakhwela, sikhwela	esikhwelayo, esikhwela	sikhwela	asikhweli	esingakhweli	singakhweli
2nd plural	niyakhwela, nikhwela	enikhwelayo, enikhwela	nikhwela	anikhweli	eningakhweli	ningakhweli
Class 1	uyakhwela, ukhwela	okhwelayo, okhwela	ekhwela	akakhweli	ongakhweli	engakhweli
Class 2	bayakhwela, bakhwela	abakhwelayo, abakhwela	bekhwela	abakhweli	abangakhweli	bengakhweli
Class 3	uyakhwela, ukhwela	okhwelayo, okhwela	ukhwela	awukhweli	ongakhweli	ungakhweli
Class 4	iyakhwela, ikhwela	ekhwelayo, ekhwela	ikhwela	ayikhweli	engakhweli	ingakhweli
Class 5	liyakhwela, likhwela	elikhwelayo, elikhwela	likhwela	alikhweli	elingakhweli	lingakhweli
Class 6	ayakhwela, akhwela	akhwelayo, akhwela	ekhwela	awakhweli	angakhweli	engakhweli
Class 7	siyakhwela, sikhwela	esikhwelayo, esikhwela	sikhwela	asikhweli	esingakhweli	singakhweli
Class 8	ziyakhwela, zikhwela	ezikhwelayo, ezikhwela	zikhwela	azikhweli	ezingakhweli	zingakhweli
Class 9	iyakhwela, ikhwela	ekhwelayo, ekhwela	ikhwela	ayikhweli	engakhweli	ingakhweli
Class 10	ziyakhwela, zikhwela	ezikhwelayo, ezikhwela	zikhwela	azikhweli	ezingakhweli	zingakhweli
Class 11	luyakhwela, lukhwela	olukhwelayo, olukhwela	lukhwela	alukhweli	olungakhweli	lungakhweli
Class 14	buyakhwela, bukhwela	obukhwelayo, obukhwela	bukhwela	abukhweli	obungakhweli	bungakhweli
Class 15	kuyakhwela, kukhwela	okukhwelayo, okukhwela	kukhwela	akukhweli	okungakhweli	kungakhweli
Class 17	kuyakhwela, kukhwela	okukhwelayo, okukhwela	kukhwela	akukhweli	okungakhweli	kungakhweli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhwelile, ngikhwelē	engikhwelile, engikhwelē	ngikhwelile, ngikhwelē	angikhwelanga	engingakhwelanga	ngingakhwelanga
2nd singular	ukhwelile, ukhwelē	okhwelile, okhwelē	ukhwelile, ukhwelē	awukhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	ungakhwelanga
1st plural	sikhwelile, sikhwelē	esikhwelile, esikhwelē	sikhwelile, sikhwelē	asikhwelanga	esingakhwelanga	singakhwelanga
2nd plural	nikhwelile, nikhwelē	enikhwelile, enikhwelē	nikhwelile, nikhwelē	anikhwelanga	eningakhwelanga	ningakhwelanga
Class 1	ukhwelile, ukhwelē	okhwelile, okhwelē	ekhwelile, ekhwelē	akakhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	engakhwelanga
Class 2	bakhwelile, bakhwelē	abakhwelile, abakhwelē	bekhwelile, bekhwelē	abakhwelanga	abangakhwelanga	bengakhwelanga
Class 3	ukhwelile, ukhwelē	okhwelile, okhwelē	ukhwelile, ukhwelē	awukhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	ungakhwelanga
Class 4	ikhwelile, ikhwelē	ekhwelile, ekhwelē	ikhwelile, ikhwelē	ayikhwelanga	engakhwelanga	ingakhwelanga
Class 5	likhwelile, likhwelē	elikhwelile, elikhwelē	likhwelile, likhwelē	alikhwelanga	elingakhwelanga	lingakhwelanga
Class 6	akhwelile, akhwelē	akhwelile, akhwelē	ekhwelile, ekhwelē	awakhwelanga	angakhwelanga	engakhwelanga
Class 7	sikhwelile, sikhwelē	esikhwelile, esikhwelē	sikhwelile, sikhwelē	asikhwelanga	esingakhwelanga	singakhwelanga
Class 8	zikhwelile, zikhwelē	ezikhwelile, ezikhwelē	zikhwelile, zikhwelē	azikhwelanga	ezingakhwelanga	zingakhwelanga
Class 9	ikhwelile, ikhwelē	ekhwelile, ekhwelē	ikhwelile, ikhwelē	ayikhwelanga	engakhwelanga	ingakhwelanga
Class 10	zikhwelile, zikhwelē	ezikhwelile, ezikhwelē	zikhwelile, zikhwelē	azikhwelanga	ezingakhwelanga	zingakhwelanga
Class 11	lukhwelile, lukhwelē	olukhwelile, olukhwelē	lukhwelile, lukhwelē	alukhwelanga	olungakhwelanga	lungakhwelanga
Class 14	bukhwelile, bukhwelē	obukhwelile, obukhwelē	bukhwelile, bukhwelē	abukhwelanga	obungakhwelanga	bungakhwelanga
Class 15	kukhwelile, kukhwelē	okukhwelile, okukhwelē	kukhwelile, kukhwelē	akukhwelanga	okungakhwelanga	kungakhwelanga
Class 17	kukhwelile, kukhwelē	okukhwelile, okukhwelē	kukhwelile, kukhwelē	akukhwelanga	okungakhwelanga	kungakhwelanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhwela	engākhwela	ngākhwela	angikhwelanga	engingakhwelanga	ngingakhwelanga
2nd singular	wākhwela	owākhwela	wākhwela	awukhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	ungakhwelanga
1st plural	sākhwela	esākhwela	sākhwela	asikhwelanga	esingakhwelanga	singakhwelanga
2nd plural	nākhwela	enākhwela	nākhwela	anikhwelanga	eningakhwelanga	ningakhwelanga
Class 1	wākhwela	owākhwela	ākhwela	akakhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	engakhwelanga
Class 2	bākhwela	abākhwela	bākhwela	abakhwelanga	abangakhwelanga	bengakhwelanga
Class 3	wākhwela	owākhwela	wākhwela	awukhwelanga	ongakhwelanga	ungakhwelanga
Class 4	yākhwela	eyākhwela	yākhwela	ayikhwelanga	engakhwelanga	ingakhwelanga
Class 5	lākhwela	elākhwela	lākhwela	alikhwelanga	elingakhwelanga	lingakhwelanga
Class 6	ākhwela	ākhwela	ākhwela	awakhwelanga	angakhwelanga	engakhwelanga
Class 7	sākhwela	esākhwela	sākhwela	asikhwelanga	esingakhwelanga	singakhwelanga
Class 8	zākhwela	ezākhwela	zākhwela	azikhwelanga	ezingakhwelanga	zingakhwelanga
Class 9	yākhwela	eyākhwela	yākhwela	ayikhwelanga	engakhwelanga	ingakhwelanga
Class 10	zākhwela	ezākhwela	zākhwela	azikhwelanga	ezingakhwelanga	zingakhwelanga
Class 11	lwākhwela	olwākhwela	lwākhwela	alukhwelanga	olungakhwelanga	lungakhwelanga
Class 14	bākhwela	obākhwela	bākhwela	abukhwelanga	obungakhwelanga	bungakhwelanga
Class 15	kwākhwela	okwākhwela	kwākhwela	akukhwelanga	okungakhwelanga	kungakhwelanga
Class 17	kwākhwela	okwākhwela	kwākhwela	akukhwelanga	okungakhwelanga	kungakhwelanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhwela	—	ngingakhwela	ngingekhwele	—	ngingekhwele
2nd singular	ungakhwela	—	ungakhwela	ungekhwele	—	ungekhwele
1st plural	singakhwela	—	singakhwela	singekhwele	—	singekhwele
2nd plural	ningakhwela	—	ningakhwela	ningekhwele	—	ningekhwele
Class 1	angakhwela	—	engakhwela	angekhwele	—	engekhwele
Class 2	bangakhwela	—	bengakhwela	bangekhwele	—	bengekhwele
Class 3	ungakhwela	—	ungakhwela	ungekhwele	—	ungekhwele
Class 4	ingakhwela	—	ingakhwela	ingekhwele	—	ingekhwele
Class 5	lingakhwela	—	lingakhwela	lingekhwele	—	lingekhwele
Class 6	angakhwela	—	engakhwela	angekhwele	—	engekhwele
Class 7	singakhwela	—	singakhwela	singekhwele	—	singekhwele
Class 8	zingakhwela	—	zingakhwela	zingekhwele	—	zingekhwele
Class 9	ingakhwela	—	ingakhwela	ingekhwele	—	ingekhwele
Class 10	zingakhwela	—	zingakhwela	zingekhwele	—	zingekhwele
Class 11	lungakhwela	—	lungakhwela	lungekhwele	—	lungekhwele
Class 14	bungakhwela	—	bungakhwela	bungekhwele	—	bungekhwele
Class 15	kungakhwela	—	kungakhwela	kungekhwele	—	kungekhwele
Class 17	kungakhwela	—	kungakhwela	kungekhwele	—	kungekhwele
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhwela	engizokhwela	ngizokhwela	angizukhwela	engingezukhwela	ngingezukhwela
2nd singular	uzokhwela	ozokhwela	uzokhwela	awuzukhwela	ongezukhwela	ungezukhwela
1st plural	sizokhwela	esizokhwela	sizokhwela	asizukhwela	esingezukhwela	singezukhwela
2nd plural	nizokhwela	enizokhwela	nizokhwela	anizukhwela	eningezukhwela	ningezukhwela
Class 1	uzokhwela	ozokhwela	ezokhwela	akazukhwela	ongezukhwela	engezukhwela
Class 2	bazokhwela	abazokhwela	bezokhwela	abazukhwela	abangezukhwela	bengezukhwela
Class 3	uzokhwela	ozokhwela	uzokhwela	awuzukhwela	ongezukhwela	ungezukhwela
Class 4	izokhwela	ezokhwela	izokhwela	ayizukhwela	engezukhwela	ingezukhwela
Class 5	lizokhwela	elizokhwela	lizokhwela	alizukhwela	elingezukhwela	lingezukhwela
Class 6	azokhwela	azokhwela	ezokhwela	awazukhwela	angezukhwela	engezukhwela
Class 7	sizokhwela	esizokhwela	sizokhwela	asizukhwela	esingezukhwela	singezukhwela
Class 8	zizokhwela	ezizokhwela	zizokhwela	azizukhwela	ezingezukhwela	zingezukhwela
Class 9	izokhwela	ezokhwela	izokhwela	ayizukhwela	engezukhwela	ingezukhwela
Class 10	zizokhwela	ezizokhwela	zizokhwela	azizukhwela	ezingezukhwela	zingezukhwela
Class 11	luzokhwela	oluzokhwela	luzokhwela	aluzukhwela	olungezukhwela	lungezukhwela
Class 14	buzokhwela	obuzokhwela	buzokhwela	abuzukhwela	obungezukhwela	bungezukhwela
Class 15	kuzokhwela	okuzokhwela	kuzokhwela	akuzukhwela	okungezukhwela	kungezukhwela
Class 17	kuzokhwela	okuzokhwela	kuzokhwela	akuzukhwela	okungezukhwela	kungezukhwela
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhwela	engiyokhwela	ngiyokhwela	angiyukhwela	engingeyukhwela	ngingeyukhwela
2nd singular	uyokhwela	oyokhwela	uyokhwela	awuyukhwela	ongeyukhwela	ungeyukhwela
1st plural	siyokhwela	esiyokhwela	siyokhwela	asiyukhwela	esingeyukhwela	singeyukhwela
2nd plural	niyokhwela	eniyokhwela	niyokhwela	aniyukhwela	eningeyukhwela	ningeyukhwela
Class 1	uyokhwela	oyokhwela	eyokhwela	akayukhwela	ongeyukhwela	engeyukhwela
Class 2	bayokhwela	abayokhwela	beyokhwela	abayukhwela	abangeyukhwela	bengeyukhwela
Class 3	uyokhwela	oyokhwela	uyokhwela	awuyukhwela	ongeyukhwela	ungeyukhwela
Class 4	iyokhwela	eyokhwela	iyokhwela	ayiyukhwela	engeyukhwela	ingeyukhwela
Class 5	liyokhwela	eliyokhwela	liyokhwela	aliyukhwela	elingeyukhwela	lingeyukhwela
Class 6	ayokhwela	ayokhwela	eyokhwela	awayukhwela	angeyukhwela	engeyukhwela
Class 7	siyokhwela	esiyokhwela	siyokhwela	asiyukhwela	esingeyukhwela	singeyukhwela
Class 8	ziyokhwela	eziyokhwela	ziyokhwela	aziyukhwela	ezingeyukhwela	zingeyukhwela
Class 9	iyokhwela	eyokhwela	iyokhwela	ayiyukhwela	engeyukhwela	ingeyukhwela
Class 10	ziyokhwela	eziyokhwela	ziyokhwela	aziyukhwela	ezingeyukhwela	zingeyukhwela
Class 11	luyokhwela	oluyokhwela	luyokhwela	aluyukhwela	olungeyukhwela	lungeyukhwela
Class 14	buyokhwela	obuyokhwela	buyokhwela	abuyukhwela	obungeyukhwela	bungeyukhwela
Class 15	kuyokhwela	okuyokhwela	kuyokhwela	akuyukhwela	okungeyukhwela	kungeyukhwela
Class 17	kuyokhwela	okuyokhwela	kuyokhwela	akuyukhwela	okungeyukhwela	kungeyukhwela
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhwele	ngingakhweli
2nd singular	ukhwele	ungakhweli
1st plural	sikhwele	singakhweli
2nd plural	nikhwele	ningakhweli
Class 1	akhwele	angakhweli
Class 2	bakhwele	bangakhweli
Class 3	ukhwele	ungakhweli
Class 4	ikhwele	ingakhweli
Class 5	likhwele	lingakhweli
Class 6	akhwele	angakhweli
Class 7	sikhwele	singakhweli
Class 8	zikhwele	zingakhweli
Class 9	ikhwele	ingakhweli
Class 10	zikhwele	zingakhweli
Class 11	lukhwele	lungakhweli
Class 14	bukhwele	bungakhweli
Class 15	kukhwele	kungakhweli
Class 17	kukhwele	kungakhweli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhwela	ngangakhwela, angakhwela, angangakhwela
2nd singular	wakhwela	wangakhwela, awakhwela, awangakhwela
1st plural	sakhwela	sangakhwela, asakhwela, asangakhwela
2nd plural	nakhwela	nangakhwela, anakhwela, anangakhwela
Class 1	wakhwela	wangakhwela, akakhwela, akangakhwela
Class 2	bakhwela	bangakhwela, abakhwela, abangakhwela
Class 3	wakhwela	wangakhwela, awakhwela, awangakhwela
Class 4	yakhwela	yangakhwela, ayakhwela, ayangakhwela
Class 5	lakhwela	langakhwela, alakhwela, alangakhwela
Class 6	akhwela	angakhwela, awakhwela, awangakhwela
Class 7	sakhwela	sangakhwela, asakhwela, asangakhwela
Class 8	zakhwela	zangakhwela, azakhwela, azangakhwela
Class 9	yakhwela	yangakhwela, ayakhwela, ayangakhwela
Class 10	zakhwela	zangakhwela, azakhwela, azangakhwela
Class 11	lwakhwela	lwangakhwela, alwakhwela, alwangakhwela
Class 14	bakhwela	bangakhwela, abakhwela, abangakhwela
Class 15	kwakhwela	kwangakhwela, akwakhwela, akwangakhwela
Class 17	kwakhwela	kwangakhwela, akwakhwela, akwangakhwela

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khwela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khwela (3.9)”