ἀορτή

See also: αορτή

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 10 June 2014

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wortéh₂, from *h₂wer- (whence ἀείρω (aeírō, “to raise, lift, hang”)).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.or.tɛ̌ː/ → /a.orˈti/ → /a.orˈti/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.or.tɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.orˈte̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.orˈti/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.orˈti/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.orˈti/

Noun

ᾰ̓ορτή • (aortḗ) f (genitive ᾰ̓ορτῆς); first declension

1. (in the plural) the lower extremities of the windpipe
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, de locis 415
   1. (in the singular) aorta, the artery which proceeds from the left ventricle
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 1.17.14
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 3.3.7
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 3.5.1
      1. (in the plural) the arteries
         • ante 177 CE, Pollux, Onomasticon 2.205
2. a knapsack that hangs from the shoulders
   • 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Woman-Hater 11
   • 342 BCE – 291 BCE, Diphilus, The Claimant 1
   • 316 BCE – 250 BCE, Posidippus Comicus, Harmost 1

Declension

First declension of ἡ ᾰ̓ορτή; τῆς ᾰ̓ορτῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ᾰ̓ορτή hē aortḗ	τὼ ᾰ̓ορτᾱ́ tṑ aortā́	αἱ ᾰ̓ορταί hai aortaí
Genitive	τῆς ᾰ̓ορτῆς tês aortês	τοῖν ᾰ̓ορταῖν toîn aortaîn	τῶν ᾰ̓ορτῶν tôn aortôn
Dative	τῇ ᾰ̓ορτῇ têi aortêi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ορταῖν toîn aortaîn	ταῖς ᾰ̓ορταῖς taîs aortaîs
Accusative	τὴν ᾰ̓ορτήν tḕn aortḗn	τὼ ᾰ̓ορτᾱ́ tṑ aortā́	τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓ορτᾱ́ς tā̀s aortā́s
Vocative	ᾰ̓ορτή aortḗ	ᾰ̓ορτᾱ́ aortā́	ᾰ̓ορταί aortaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (lower extremities of the windpipe): βρόγχια (brónkhia)

Descendants

• → English: aorta
• → French: aorte
• → German: Aorta
• Greek: αορτή (aortí)
• Latin: āverta
• → Russian: аорта (aorta)
• → Spanish: aorta

Further reading

• “ἀορτή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἀορτή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀορτή in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)