πωλέω
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Ancient Greek[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Uncertain. Could be from a Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *pl̥n-, with cognates including Sanskrit पणते (páṇate, “to barter, negotiate”), Lithuanian pelnas and Old Norse falr. However, could also be related to ἐμπολή (empolḗ, “trade, purchase”) or πέλω (pélō, “I move, am”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pɔː.lé.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /poˈle.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /poˈle.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /poˈle.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /poˈle.o/
Verb[edit]
πωλέω • (pōléō)
- to sell
- Palatine Anthology 11.3
Inflection[edit]
Present: πωλέω, πωλέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπώλεον | ἐπώλεες | ἐπώλεε(ν) | ἐπωλέετον | ἐπωλεέτην | ἐπωλέομεν | ἐπωλέετε | ἐπώλεον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπωλεόμην | ἐπωλέου | ἐπωλέετο | ἐπωλέεσθον | ἐπωλεέσθην | ἐπωλεόμεθᾰ | ἐπωλέεσθε | ἐπωλέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπώλουν | ἐπώλεις | ἐπώλει | ἐπωλεῖτον | ἐπωλείτην | ἐπωλοῦμεν | ἐπωλεῖτε | ἐπώλουν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπωλούμην | ἐπωλοῦ | ἐπωλεῖτο | ἐπωλεῖσθον | ἐπωλείσθην | ἐπωλούμεθᾰ | ἐπωλεῖσθε | ἐπωλοῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πωλέεσκον | πωλέεσκες | πωλέεσκε(ν) | πωλεέσκετον | πωλεεσκέτην | πωλεέσκομεν | πωλεέσκετε | πωλέεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | πωλεεσκόμην | πωλεέσκου | πωλεέσκετο | πωλεέσκεσθον | πωλεεσκέσθην | πωλεεσκόμεθᾰ | πωλεέσκεσθε | πωλεέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πωλήσω | πωλήσεις | πωλήσει | πωλήσετον | πωλήσετον | πωλήσομεν | πωλήσετε | πωλήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | πωλήσοιμῐ | πωλήσοις | πωλήσοι | πωλήσοιτον | πωλησοίτην | πωλήσοιμεν | πωλήσοιτε | πωλήσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | πωλήσομαι | πωλήσῃ, πωλήσει |
πωλήσεται | πωλήσεσθον | πωλήσεσθον | πωλησόμεθᾰ | πωλήσεσθε | πωλήσονται | ||||
optative | πωλησοίμην | πωλήσοιο | πωλήσοιτο | πωλήσοισθον | πωλησοίσθην | πωλησοίμεθᾰ | πωλήσοισθε | πωλήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | πωλήσειν | πωλήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | πωλήσων | πωλησόμενος | ||||||||||
f | πωλήσουσᾰ | πωλησομένη | |||||||||||
n | πωλῆσον | πωλησόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: πεπωλήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | πεπωλήσομαι | πεπωλήσῃ | πεπωλήσεται | πεπωλήσεσθον | πεπωλήσεσθον | πεπωλησόμεθᾰ | πεπωλήσεσθε | πεπωλήσονται | ||||
optative | πεπωλησοίμην | πεπωλήσοιο | πεπωλήσοιτο | πεπωλήσοισθον | πεπωλησοίσθην | πεπωλησοίμεθᾰ | πεπωλήσοισθε | πεπωλήσοιντο | |||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεπωλήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεπωλησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | πεπωλησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | πεπωλησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Suppletive forms from ἀποδίδομαι (apodídomai), usual in Attic prose:
Future: ἀποδώσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἀποδώσομαι | ἀποδώσῃ, ἀποδώσει |
ἀποδώσεται | ἀποδώσεσθον | ἀποδώσεσθον | ἀποδωσόμεθᾰ | ἀποδώσεσθε | ἀποδώσονται | ||||
optative | ἀποδωσοίμην | ἀποδώσοιο | ἀποδώσοιτο | ἀποδώσοισθον | ἀποδωσοίσθην | ἀποδωσοίμεθᾰ | ἀποδώσοισθε | ἀποδώσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀποδώσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἀποδωσόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἀποδωσομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἀποδωσόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἀπεδόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἀπεδόμην | ἀπέδου | ἀπέδοτο | ἀπέδοσθον | ἀπεδόσθην | ἀπεδόμεθᾰ | ἀπέδοσθε | ἀπέδοντο | ||||
subjunctive | ἀποδῶμαι | ἀποδῷ | ἀποδῶται | ἀποδῶσθον | ἀποδῶσθον | ἀποδώμεθᾰ | ἀποδῶσθε | ἀποδῶνται | |||||
optative | ἀποδοίμην | ἀποδοῖο | ἀποδοῖτο | ἀποδοῖσθον | ἀποδοίσθην | ἀποδοίμεθᾰ | ἀποδοῖσθε | ἀποδοῖντο | |||||
imperative | ἀπόδου | ἀποδόσθω | ἀπόδοσθον | ἀποδόσθων | ἀπόδοσθε | ἀποδόσθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἀποδόσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἀποδόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἀποδομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἀποδόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Synonyms[edit]
- ἀποδίδομαι (apodídomai)
- πιπράσκω (pipráskō)
- πέρνημι (pérnēmi)
Antonyms[edit]
- ὠνέομαι (ōnéomai, “I buy”)
Derived terms[edit]
- ἀλλαντοπωλέω (allantopōléō)
- ἀνᾰπωλέω (anapōléō)
- ἀρτοπωλέω (artopōléō)
- γελγοπωλέω (gelgopōléō)
- δῐᾰπωλέω (diapōléō)
- ἐλαιοπώλέω (elaiopṓléō)
- ἐμπωλέω (empōléō)
- ἐπῐπωλέω (epipōléō)
- ἐριοπωλέω (eriopōléō)
- ἰχθῠοπωλέω (ikhthuopōléō)
- κερᾰμοπωλέω (keramopōléō)
- κρεοπωλέω (kreopōléō)
- κᾰτᾰπωλέω (katapōléō)
- λοφοπωλέω (lophopōléō)
- λυχνοπωλέω (lukhnopōléō)
- λᾰφῡροπωλέω (laphūropōléō)
- λῐβᾰνωτοπωλέω (libanōtopōléō)
- μελῐτοπωλέω (melitopōléō)
- μετᾰπωλέω (metapōléō)
- μονοπωλέω (monopōléō)
- μῠροπωλέω (muropōléō)
- οἰνοπωλέω (oinopōléō)
- παντοπωλέω (pantopōléō)
- προπωλέω (propōléō)
- προσπωλέω (prospōléō)
- πᾰρᾰπωλέω (parapōléō)
- πῡροπωλέω (pūropōléō)
- ῥωποπωλέω (rhōpopōléō)
- σῑτοπωλέω (sītopōléō)
- σῠμπωλέω (sumpōléō)
- τᾰρῑχοπωλέω (tarīkhopōléō)
- τῑμιοπωλέω (tīmiopōléō)
- τῡροπωλέω (tūropōléō)
- φαρμᾰκοπωλέω (pharmakopōléō)
- χοιροπωλέω (khoiropōléō)
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Greek: πωλώ (poló, “to sell”), πουλάω (pouláo, “to sell”), πουλώ (pouló, “to sell”)
- Mariupol Greek: пулу́ (pulú)
References[edit]
- “πωλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πωλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πωλέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- G4453 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- πωλέω - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.