ܓܝܓܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܓ ܠ ܠ (g l l)
3 terms

ܓܝܓܠܐ

Etymology

Also attested in Classical Syriac, from the earlier uncontracted form ܓܠܓܠܐ (galgəlā); the sense of “thistle stalks” is a semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew גַּלְגַּל (galgal).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡiɣːlɑː]

Noun

ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܐ • (gīḡlā) f sg (plural ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܹ̈ܐ (gīḡlē))

1. (automotive, transport) wheel (especially of a carriage, well, or mill)
2. potter's wheel
3. torture device
4. cycle, circuit, circular course, orbit
5. (figuratively, religion) angels
6. (astronomy) celestial sphere
7. (botany) thistle stalks

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܐ (gīḡlā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܝܼ (gīḡlī)		ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܲܢ (gīḡlan)
	construct	ܓܝܼܓܲܠ (gīgal)	2nd person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܘܼܟ݂ (gīḡlūḵ)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (gīḡlāḵ)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gīḡlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܐ (gīḡlā)	3rd person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܹܗ (gīḡlēh)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܗ̇ (gīḡlāh)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܗܘܿܢ (gīḡlhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܝܼ̈ (gīḡlī)		ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܲܢ̈ (gīḡlan)
	construct	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܲܝ̈ (gīḡlay)	2nd person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gīḡlūḵ)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (gīḡlāḵ)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gīḡlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܹ̈ܐ (gīḡlē)	3rd person	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (gīḡlūh)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (gīḡlōh)	ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (gīḡlhōn)

Synonyms

• (wheel): ܐܘܼܦܢܵܐ (upnā)
• (circle, cycle): ܚܘܼܕܪܵܐ (ḥudrā), ܚܘܿܓ݂ܬܵܐ (ḥōḡtā)
• (orbit): ܡܵܘܙܲܠܬܵܐ (māwzaltā), ܟܪܘܼܟ݂ܝܵܐ (kruḵyā)

Derived terms

• ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܘܿܢܝܼܬܵܐ (gīḡlōnītā, “earring”, literally “little wheel”)
• ܟܘܼܪܣܹܐ ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܹ̈ܐ (kursē gīḡlē, “wheelchair”)

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• ܓܠܓܠܐ (galgǝlā) (uncontracted)

Etymology

From the earlier uncontracted form ܓܠܓܠܐ (galgəlā), from the root ܓ-ܠ-ܠ (ɡ-l-l) related to rolling. The sense of “thistle stalks” is from Biblical Hebrew גַּלְגַּל (galgal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡiɣlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ɡiɣle] (plural)

Noun

ܓܝܓܠܐ • (giḡlā) f (plural ܓܝܓܠܐ (giḡlē))

1. wheel of a carriage, well, or mill
2. (geometry) circle, ring, disc, sphere
3. cycle, circuit, circular course, orbit
4. (astronomy) celestial sphere
5. potter's wheel
6. torture device
7. round boulder used to close a tomb
8. (figuratively, religion) angels
9. (botany) thistle stalks

Inflection

    inflection of ܓܝܓܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܝܓܠ	ܓܝܓܠܝܢ
construct	ܓܝܓܠ	ܓܝܓܠܝ
emphatic	ܓܝܓܠܐ	ܓܝܓܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܝܓܠܝ	ܓܝܓܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܝܓܠܟ	ܓܝܓܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܝܓܠܟܝ	ܓܝܓܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܝܓܠܗ	ܓܝܓܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܝܓܠܗ	ܓܝܓܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܝܓܠܢ	ܓܝܓܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܝܓܠܟܘܢ	ܓܝܓܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܝܓܠܟܝܢ	ܓܝܓܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܝܓܠܗܘܢ	ܓܝܓܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܝܓܠܗܝܢ	ܓܝܓܠܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܓܝܓܠܘܢܝܬܐ (gīḡlōnīṯā)

References

• “gygl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 103a
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 42a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 68a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 228a–b