점잖다
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Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Contracted from Early Modern Korean 졈디 아니ᄒᆞ다 (cyem-ti ani-hota), which was equivalent to the modern construction 젊지 아니하다 (jeom-ji ani-hada, literally “not to be young”).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)md͡ʑa̠ntʰa̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [점(ː)잔타]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jeomjanta |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jeomjanhda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chŏmjant'a |
| Yale Romanization? | cēmcanhta |
Adjective[edit]
점잖다 • (jeomjanta) (infinitive 점잖아, sequential 점잖으니)
- (to be) well behaved, dignified, respectable, gentle
Conjugation[edit]
Selected forms of the adjective 점잖다 (jeomjanta): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 점잖다 jeomjanta |
점잖아 jeomjana |
점잖아요 jeomjanayo |
점잖습니다 jeomjanseumnida |
| Past | 점잖았다 jeomjanatda |
점잖았어 jeomjanasseo |
점잖았어요 jeomjanasseoyo |
점잖았습니다 jeomjanatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 점잖으냐 jeomjaneunya |
점잖아 jeomjana |
점잖아요 jeomjanayo |
점잖습니까 jeomjanseumnikka |
| Past | 점잖았냐 jeomjanannya |
점잖았어 jeomjanasseo |
점잖았어요 jeomjanasseoyo |
점잖았습니까 jeomjanatseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 점잖겠다 jeomjanketda |
점잖겠어 jeomjankesseo |
점잖겠어요 jeomjankesseoyo |
점잖겠습니다 jeomjanketseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 점잖아 jeomjana |
점잖아서 jeomjanaseo |
점잖으니 jeomjaneuni |
점잖으니까 jeomjaneunikka | |
| Contrast | 점잖지만 jeomjanchiman |
점잖은데 jeomjaneunde |
점잖더니 jeomjanteoni |
||
| Conjunction | 점잖고 jeomjanko |
||||
| Condition | 점잖으면 jeomjaneumyeon |
점잖아야 jeomjanaya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 점잖음 jeomjaneum |
점잖기 jeomjanki | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 점잖았음 jeomjanasseum |
점잖았기 jeomjanatgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 점잖은 jeomjaneun | |||
| Future | 점잖을 jeomjaneul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 점잖으시다 jeomjaneusida |
점잖으셔 jeomjaneusyeo |
점잖으세요, 점잖으셔요 jeomjaneuseyo, jeomjaneusyeoyo |
점잖으십니다 jeomjaneusimnida |
| Past | 점잖으셨다 jeomjaneusyeotda |
점잖으셨어 jeomjaneusyeosseo |
점잖으셨어요 jeomjaneusyeosseoyo |
점잖으셨습니다 jeomjaneusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 점잖으시냐 jeomjaneusinya |
점잖으셔 jeomjaneusyeo |
점잖으세요, 점잖으셔요 jeomjaneuseyo, jeomjaneusyeoyo |
점잖으십니까 jeomjaneusimnikka |
| Past | 점잖으셨냐 jeomjaneusyeonnya |
점잖으셨어 jeomjaneusyeosseo |
점잖으셨어요 jeomjaneusyeosseoyo |
점잖으셨습니까 jeomjaneusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 점잖으시겠다 jeomjaneusigetda |
점잖으시겠어 jeomjaneusigesseo |
점잖으시겠어요 jeomjaneusigesseoyo |
점잖으시겠습니다 jeomjaneusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 점잖으셔 jeomjaneusyeo |
점잖으셔서 jeomjaneusyeoseo |
점잖으시니 jeomjaneusini |
점잖으시니까 jeomjaneusinikka | |
| Contrast | 점잖으시지만 jeomjaneusijiman |
점잖으신데 jeomjaneusinde |
점잖으시더니 jeomjaneusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 점잖으시고 jeomjaneusigo |
||||
| Condition | 점잖으시면 jeomjaneusimyeon |
점잖으셔야 jeomjaneusyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 점잖으심 jeomjaneusim |
점잖으시기 jeomjaneusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 점잖으셨음 jeomjaneusyeosseum |
점잖으셨기 jeomjaneusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 점잖으신 jeomjaneusin | |||
| Future | 점잖으실 jeomjaneusil | ||||
Derived terms[edit]
- 점잔 (jeomjan) (noun, used in some idioms)