ŋ⁵⁵
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A'ou
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ŋ³⁵ (Hongfeng)
Noun
[edit]ŋ⁵⁵
- (Hongfeng) water
References
[edit]- He Yancheng [何彦诚], Sketch of Hongfeng Gelao [红丰仡佬语概况], (2008, Minzu Yuwen), ABVD, explicitly noted as differing from Zhou's transcription (which was ŋ³⁵)
Pela
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Jingpho ngu (“to say; quotative particle”), possibly via Zaiwa ngvu. Compare with Lhao Vo ein꞉.
Verb
[edit]ŋ⁵⁵
- to say
- Synonym: ti̠³⁵
- to think (that), to consider (that)
- to be (thus)
- Synonym: ŋɔ̠t⁵⁵
- a³¹ su⁵⁵ a³¹ ŋ⁵⁵
- It is not like that.
Derived terms
[edit]- ŋ⁵⁵ jaŋ³¹ (“for; in order to”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Grammaticalised from Etymology 1.
Particle
[edit]ŋ⁵⁵
- (used with a first person subject) quotative marker, similar to that in English
- ŋa⁵⁵ a³¹ nɔ̃⁵⁵ pji³¹.njɛ³¹ a⁵⁵ lauʔ⁵¹ ŋ⁵⁵.
- I thought that it was you who graduates.
Usage notes
[edit]The verb of utterance is usually omitted. For quotations from someone else other than the current speaker, kɛ³⁵ is used instead.
- pɛ̠⁵⁵ tʃuŋ⁵¹ kɛ³¹ ɔ⁵¹? ― What did you say?
- jɔ̃³¹ na̠u̠ŋ⁵⁵ lai³¹ nə̆ vŭ ka̠³⁵ kɛ³¹. ― They say that they are already coming.
References
[edit]- Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)