γαλήνη

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• γᾰλᾱ́νᾱ (galā́nā) — Doric
• γελήνη (gelḗnē) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵelh₂-, the same root of γελάω (geláō, “to laugh”). This word must originally have meant "cheerfulness"; compare also γελεῖν (geleîn, “to shine, flourish”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.lɛ̌ː.nɛː/ → /ɣaˈli.ni/ → /ɣaˈli.ni/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡa.lɛ̌ː.nɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡaˈle̝.ne̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣaˈli.ni/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣaˈli.ni/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣaˈli.ni/

Noun

γᾰλήνη • (galḗnē) f (genitive γᾰλήνης); first declension

1. calm, stillness of wind or sea
   1. serenity, tranquility, calmness
2. galena, lead sulphide
3. type of antidote

Inflection

First declension of ἡ γᾰλήνη; τῆς γᾰλήνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γᾰλήνη hē galḗnē	τὼ γᾰλήνᾱ tṑ galḗnā	αἱ γᾰλῆναι hai galênai
Genitive	τῆς γᾰλήνης tês galḗnēs	τοῖν γᾰλήναιν toîn galḗnain	τῶν γᾰληνῶν tôn galēnôn
Dative	τῇ γᾰλήνῃ têi galḗnēi	τοῖν γᾰλήναιν toîn galḗnain	ταῖς γᾰλήναις taîs galḗnais
Accusative	τὴν γᾰλήνην tḕn galḗnēn	τὼ γᾰλήνᾱ tṑ galḗnā	τᾱ̀ς γᾰλήνᾱς tā̀s galḗnās
Vocative	γᾰλήνη galḗnē	γᾰλήνᾱ galḗnā	γᾰλῆναι galênai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γᾰλενῐσμός (galenismós)
• γᾰληναῖος (galēnaîos)
• γᾰλήνειᾰ (galḗneia)
• γᾰληνής (galēnḗs)
• γᾰληνοβᾰ́της (galēnobátēs)
• γᾰληνός (galēnós)
• γᾰληνότης (galēnótēs)
• γᾰληνώδης (galēnṓdēs)
• γᾰληνῐ́ζω (galēnízō)
• γᾰλήνῐος (galḗnios)

 

Further reading

• “γαλήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γαλήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γαλήνη”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• γαλήνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γαλήνη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• γαλήνη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• G1055 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • calm idem, page 109.
  • lull idem, page 504.
  • peace idem, page 600.
  • quiet idem, page 667.
  • repose idem, page 697.
  • stillness idem, page 817.
  • tranquility idem, page 887.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γαλήνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257

Greek

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣaˈli.ni/

Noun

γαλήνη • (galíni) f (uncountable)

1. serenity, equanimity
2. calm, quiet, peaceful

Declension

  γαλήνη

case     \     number	singular
nominative	γαλήνη •
genitive	γαλήνης •
accusative	γαλήνη •
vocative	γαλήνη •