γραῦς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• γρηῦς (grēûs) — Ionic
• γραῦῐς (graûis) — Doric
• γρηΰς (grēǘs) — Poetic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *grāū́s, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂-yéw-s, from *ǵerh₂- (“grow old”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡrâu̯s/ → /ɣraɸs/ → /ɣrafs/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡrâu̯s/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡraʍs/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣraɸs/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣrafs/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣrafs/

Noun

γραῦς • (graûs) f (genitive γρᾱός); third declension

1. an old woman

Inflection

Irregular declension of ἡ γραῦς; τῆς γρᾱός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γραῦς hē graûs	τὼ γρᾶε tṑ grâe	αἱ γρᾶες hai grâes
Genitive	τῆς γρᾱός tês grāós	τοῖν γρᾱοῖν toîn grāoîn	τῶν γρᾱῶν tôn grāôn
Dative	τῇ γρᾱΐ têi grāḯ	τοῖν γρᾱοῖν toîn grāoîn	ταῖς γραυσῐ́ / γραυσῐ́ν taîs grausí(n)
Accusative	τὴν γραῦν tḕn graûn	τὼ γρᾶε tṑ grâe	τᾱ̀ς γραῦς tā̀s graûs
Vocative	γραῦ graû	γρᾶε grâe	γρᾶες grâes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Coordinate terms

• γέρων (gérōn)

Further reading

• “γραῦς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γραῦς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γραῦς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γραῦς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • beldam idem, page 72.
  • dame idem, page 194.
  • hag idem, page 380.
  • matron idem, page 518.
  • old woman idem, page 572.
  • witch idem, page 983.
  • woman idem, page 986.