σάρδιον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably from Σάρδεις (Sárdeis, “Sardis”) +‎ -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix), because it was its place of origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sár.di.on/ → /ˈsar.ði.on/ → /ˈsar.ði.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sár.di.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsar.di.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsar.ði.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsar.ði.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsar.ði.on/

Noun

σᾰ́ρδῐον • (sárdion) n (genitive σᾰρδῐ́ου); second declension

1. (mineralogy) sardine, carnelian, used also as a seal

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σᾰ́ρδῐον; τοῦ σᾰρδῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σᾰ́ρδῐον tò sárdion	τὼ σᾰρδῐ́ω tṑ sardíō	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ρδῐᾰ tà sárdia
Genitive	τοῦ σᾰρδῐ́ου toû sardíou	τοῖν σᾰρδῐ́οιν toîn sardíoin	τῶν σᾰρδῐ́ων tôn sardíōn
Dative	τῷ σᾰρδῐ́ῳ tôi sardíōi	τοῖν σᾰρδῐ́οιν toîn sardíoin	τοῖς σᾰρδῐ́οις toîs sardíois
Accusative	τὸ σᾰ́ρδῐον tò sárdion	τὼ σᾰρδῐ́ω tṑ sardíō	τᾰ̀ σᾰ́ρδῐᾰ tà sárdia
Vocative	σᾰ́ρδῐον sárdion	σᾰρδῐ́ω sardíō	σᾰ́ρδῐᾰ sárdia
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Armenian: սարդիոն (sardion)
• → Old Georgian: სარდიონი (sardioni)
  • Georgian: სარდიონი (sardioni)

Further reading

• “σάρδιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάρδιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN