кучма

Ukrainian

Тарас Шевченко в кучмі, Санкт-Петербург, 1859
Taras Shevchenko in a kuchma, Saint Petersburg, 1859

Etymology

Related to Old East Slavic кꙋчма (kučma), Russian ку́чма (kúčma), Belarusian ку́чма (kúčma), Polish kuczma, Czech kučma, Slovak kučma, Serbo-Croatian ку̑чма / kȗčma, Slovene kúčma, Bulgarian ку́чма (kúčma), кушма́ (kušmá), and probably inherited from Proto-Slavic *kučьma, which is related to Proto-Slavic *kukъma (whence Serbo-Croatian kȕkma (“crest, tuft”)), *kuča, *kučerъ (whence Ukrainian ку́чері (kúčeri, “curled hair”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“to bend”).

A borrowing from Hungarian kucsma has also been proposed, but the Hungarian word is attested since 1682 only and more likely is itself a Slavic borrowing. Other borrowings from Slavic languages include Romanian cúșmă, cúcimă, Moldovan ку́чмэ (cúcimă), Yiddish קוטשמע (kutshme).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkut͡ʃmɐ]

Noun

ку́чма • (kúčma) f inan (genitive ку́чми, nominative plural ку́чми, genitive plural ку́чем)

1. a tall sheepskin hat

Declension

Declension of ку́чма (inan hard fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	ку́чма kúčma	ку́чми kúčmy
genitive	ку́чми kúčmy	ку́чем kúčem
dative	ку́чмі kúčmi	ку́чмам kúčmam
accusative	ку́чму kúčmu	ку́чми kúčmy
instrumental	ку́чмою kúčmoju	ку́чмами kúčmamy
locative	ку́чмі kúčmi	ку́чмах kúčmax
vocative	ку́чмо kúčmo	ку́чми kúčmy

Synonyms

• кучо́мка (kučómka)

References

• Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 637
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кучма”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кучма”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 172
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кушма”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 176
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “кучма”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, pages 168–169
• Skok, Petar (1972) “kučma”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 220