دیوار

Central Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /diːwaːɾ/

Noun

Northern Kurdish	dîwar

دیوار (dîwar)

1. wall

Khalaj

Noun

دیوار (duvâr) (definite accusative دیوارؽ, plural دیوارلار)

1. Arabic spelling of duvâr (“wall”)

Declension

Declension of دیوار

	singular	plural
nominative	دیوار	دیوارلار
genitive	دیوارؽݧ	دیوارلارؽݧ
dative	دیوارقا	دیوارلارقا
definite accusative	دیوارؽ	دیوارلارؽ
locative	دیوارچا	دیوارلارچا
ablative	دیواردا	دیوارلاردا
instrumental	دیوارلا	دیوارلارلا
equative	دیواروارا	دیوارلاروارا

Ottoman Turkish

دیوار

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian دیوار (divâr, “wall”), from Middle Persian dywʾl (dēwār, “wall”).

Noun

دیوار • (duvar)

1. wall, each of the substantial structures acting either as the exterior of or divisions within a structure

   Synonym: جدار (cidar)

2. wall, any structure built with stones, earth etc. built for defensive pruposes, surrounding a place

   Synonym: سور (sur)

Derived terms

• دیوار اورمك (duvar örmek, “to build a wall”)
• دیوار چكمك (duvar çekmek, “to wall up”)
• دیوارجی (duvarcı, “mason, bricklayer”)
• دیوارسز (duvarsız, “unwalled”)
• دیوارلاتمق (duvarlatmak, “to make or let be walled”)
• دیوارلامق (duvarlamak, “to enclose with walls”)
• دیوارلانمق (duvarlanmak, “to be walled up”)
• دیوارلو (duvarlı, “walled”)
• دیوارچه (divarçe, “little wall”)
• قورو دیوار (kuru duvar, “bare wall”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: duvar
• → Bulgarian: дува́р (duvár)
• → Greek: ντουβάρι (ntouvári)
• → Macedonian: дувар (duvar)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: ду̏ва̄р

  Latin script: dȕvār

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “duvar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1314
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دیوار”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 240b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دیوار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 601
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Murus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1106
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دیوار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2219
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “duvar”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دیوار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 940

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian dywʾl (dēwār, “wall”). Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (daēza, “wall”), Ancient Greek τεῖχος (teîkhos, “wall, fortifications”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [deː.ˈwɑːɾ], [diː.ˈwɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eː.wɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eː.wɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪eː.wɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪eː.wɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪iː.vɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪e.vɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	dēwār, dīwār
Dari reading?	dēwār
Iranian reading?	divâr
Tajik reading?	devor

• (Isfahan) IPA^(key): /diːˈvɒːl/

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	دیوار
Iranian Persian
Tajik	девор

دیوار • (divâr) (plural دیوارها (divâr-hâ))

1. wall
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 214:

     گرچه دیوار افکند سایه‌‌ی دراز
     باز گردد سوی او آن سایه باز

     garči dēwār afkand sāya-yi darāz
     bāz gardad sōy-i ō ān sāya bāz

     Although the wall casts a long shadow, yet at last the shadow turns back again towards it [as the sun moves].

Alternative forms

• دیوال (divâl) (dialectal)

Derived terms

• دیوار کوتاه (divâr kutâh, “helpless person”, literally “low wall”)
• دیواره (divâre, “rim”)
• دیواری (divâri, “wall-related”)

 

Descendants

• → Assamese: দেৱাল (dewal)
• → Azerbaijani: divar
• → Bashkir: диуар (diwar)
• → Gujarati: દિવાલ (divāl), દીવાલ (dīvāl)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: दीवार (dīvār)

  Urdu: دیوار (dīvār)

• → Kazakh: дуал (dual)
• → Khalaj: duvâr
• → Middle Bengali: দেওয়ার (deōẇar)
  • Bengali: দেওয়াল (deōẇal)
• → Punjabi: ਦੀਵਾਰ / دیوار (dīvār)
• → Odia: ଦେୱାଲ (dewalô)
• → Ottoman Turkish: دیوار (duvar)
  • Turkish: duvar
  • → Bulgarian: дува́р (duvár)
  • → Greek: ντουβάρι (ntouvári)
  • → Macedonian: дувар (duvar)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ду̏ва̄р

    Latin script: dȕvār

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دیوار (dīwār), from Middle Persian dywʾl (dēwār).

Noun

دیوار • (dīvār) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਦੀਵਾਰ)

1. wall

   Synonym: کندھ (kndh)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دیوار (dīwār), from Middle Persian dywʾl (dēwār). Cognate to Punjabi دیوار (dīvār).

Noun

دیوار • (dīvār) f (Hindi spelling दीवार)

1. wall

Declension

Declension of دیوار
	singular	plural
direct	دیوار (dīvār)	دیوار (dīvār)
oblique	دیوار (dīvār)	دیواروں (dīvārō̃)
vocative	دیوار (dīvār)	دیوارو (dīvārō)