کاستن
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See also: کاشتن
Persian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Iranian *kas- (“to be small, diminish, lessen”), of uncertain further origin; compare perhaps German hager (“gaunt”) and Lithuanian kašėti (“to lessen, become thin, dry, weaken”).[1][2] Cognate with که (keh, “small”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬫𐬀𐬵 (kasyah, “smaller, lesser”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ks, “small(er), less(er), young(er)”), Nayini käs (“small”), Bactrian κισατο (kisato, “least, youngest”), Baluchi [script needed] (kisān, kasān, “small”), Sanskrit कशु (kaśu, “a name denoting 'the Small One'”), and Old Armenian կէս (kēs, “half; in part”), an Iranian borrowing.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [kɑːs.ˈtan]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɒːs.t̪ʰǽn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɔs.t̪ʰǽn]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | kāstan |
| Dari reading? | kāstan |
| Iranian reading? | kâstan |
| Tajik reading? | kostan |
Verb[edit]
| Dari | کاستن |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | костан |
کاستن • (kâstan) (present stem کاه (kâh))
- to decrease
Synonyms[edit]
Antonyms[edit]
- افزودن (afzudan)
References[edit]
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247
- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 331–337