今年
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Chinese[edit]
today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now |
year | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (今年) | 今 | 年 | |
simp. #(今年) | 今 | 年 |
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin1 nyian2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gam1 nin4 / gam1 nin4-2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jing1 nie1
- Northern Min (KCR): géng-nîng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 1cin-gni / 1cin-gnien2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄋㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jinnián
- Wade–Giles: chin1-nien2
- Yale: jīn-nyán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnian
- Palladius: цзиньнянь (czinʹnjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jin1 nyian2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ginnian
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ nʲiɛn²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gam1 nin4 / gam1 nin4-2
- Yale: gām nìhn / gām nín
- Cantonese Pinyin: gam1 nin4 / gam1 nin4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: gem1 nin4 / gem1 nin4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐm⁵⁵ niːn²¹/, /kɐm⁵⁵ niːn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ngièn
- Hakka Romanization System: gim´ ngienˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gim1 ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴ ŋi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-ngiàn
- Hakka Romanization System: gin´ ngianˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gin1 ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴ ŋi̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jing1 nie1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ¹¹ nie¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: géng-nîng
- Sinological IPA (key): /keiŋ⁵⁴ niŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Hui'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ken-lîn
- Tâi-lô: ken-lîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kenliin
- IPA (Hui'an): /ken³³ lin²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gim1 ni5 / ging1 ni5 / gi1 ni5 / gê1 ni5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kim nî / king nî / ki nî / ke nî
- Sinological IPA (key): /kim³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵/, /kiŋ³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵/, /ki³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵/, /ke³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵/
Note:
- ging1 ni5 - Chenghai;
- gi1 ni5 - alternative pronunciation (Chaozhou);
- gê5 ni5 - alternative pronunciation (Jieyang).
Noun[edit]
今年
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 今年 (“this year”) [map]
Further reading[edit]
- “Entry #647”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
今 | 年 |
こ Grade: 2 |
とし Grade: 1 |
irregular | kun’yomi |
Compound of 此 (ko, “this”) + 年 (toshi, “year”).
The use of the kanji 今 (“now”) instead of 此 (“this”) is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 今年 (jīnnián).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- this year, the present year
- 1187, Senzai Wakashū (book 16, poem 1016; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 75)
- 契りおきしさせもが露を命にてあはれ今年の秋もいぬめり
- chigiri-okishi sasemo ga tsuyu o inochi ni te aware kotoshi no aki mo inumeri
- I believed in you with all my heart but again this [year in] autumn passes, filled with sadness. Your promises―but vanishing dewdrops of the mugwort blessing![3]
- 契りおきしさせもが露を命にてあはれ今年の秋もいぬめり
- 1187, Senzai Wakashū (book 16, poem 1016; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 75)
Adverb[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
今 | 年 |
こん Grade: 2 |
ねん Grade: 1 |
goon |
From Middle Chinese 今年 (MC kim nen).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Coordinate terms[edit]
時 (“Time”) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
~ | −3 | −2 | −1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | Continual | |
Day | 日 | 一昨昨日 | 一昨日 | 昨日 | 今日 | 明日 | 明後日 | 毎日 |
Morning | 朝 | — | 一昨朝 | 昨朝 | 今朝 | 明朝 | — | 毎朝 |
Night | 晩 | — | 一昨晩 | 昨晩 | 今晩 | 明晩 | — | 毎晩 |
Week | 週 | — | 先々週 | 先週 | 今週 | 来週 | 再来週 | 毎週 |
Month | 月 | — | 先々月 | 先月 | 今月 | 来月 | 再来月 | 毎月 |
Year | 年 | 一昨昨年 | 一昨年 | 去年 | 今年 | 来年 | 再来年 | 毎年 |
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Peter MacMillan (2018) One Hundred Poets, One Poem Each: A Treasury of Classical Japanese Verse, Penguin UK, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
今 | 年 |
Noun[edit]
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Present
- Japanese terms spelled with 今
- Japanese terms spelled with 年 read as とし
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms borrowed from Chinese
- Japanese orthographic borrowings from Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese adverbs
- Japanese terms spelled with 今 read as こん
- Japanese terms spelled with 年 read as ねん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- ja:Present
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script