認識
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See also: 认识
Chinese[edit]
to recognize; to know; to admit | to record; write a footnote; to know to record; write a footnote; to know; knowledge | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (認識) | 認 | 識 | |
simp. (认识) | 认 | 识 | |
anagram | 識認/识认 |
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
認識 (transitive)
- (Mandarin) to know (somebody); to be acquainted with
- to recognize (somebody or something)
- to know; to understand; to be familiar with
- to be aware of; to appreciate
Usage notes[edit]
The sense "to be aware of; to appreciate" is often followed by the verb 到 (dào).
Synonyms[edit]
- (to know somebody):
Dialectal synonyms of 認識 (“to know (somebody)”) [map]
- 了解 (liǎojiě)
- 佔有/占有 (zhànyǒu)
- 分曉/分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
- 參悟/参悟 (cānwù)
- 悟 (wù) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懂 (dǒng)
- 懂得 (dǒngde)
- 打生 (Wenzhounese)
- 把握 (bǎwò)
- 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
- 明 (ming4) (Cantonese)
- 明白
- 明瞭/明了 (míngliǎo)
- 曉得/晓得 (xiǎode)
- 會悟/会悟 (huìwù) (literary)
- 洞悉 (dòngxī)
- 清亮 (mainland China)
- 清楚
- 熟似 (Hokkien)
- 熟悉 (shúxī)
- 熟稔 (shúrěn) (literary)
- 熟識/熟识 (shúshí)
- 理會/理会 (lǐhuì)
- 理解 (lǐjiě)
- 瞭悟/了悟 (liǎowù) (literary)
- 知影 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 知悉 (zhīxī) (literary)
- 知曉/知晓 (zhīxiǎo)
- 知識/知识 (zhīshí) (literary)
- 知道
- 覺/觉
- 覺悟/觉悟 (juéwù)
- 覺醒/觉醒 (juéxǐng)
- 諳曉/谙晓 (ānxiǎo) (literary)
- 諳達/谙达 (āndá) (literary)
- 貫通/贯通 (guàntōng)
- 通曉/通晓 (tōngxiǎo)
- 通解 (tōngjiě) (literary)
- 通達/通达 (tōngdá)
- 達/达 (literary, or in compounds)
- 醒悟 (xǐngwù)
- 開悟/开悟 (kāiwù) (literary)
- 領悟/领悟 (lǐngwù)
- 領會/领会 (lǐnghuì)
- 領略/领略 (lǐnglüè)
Noun[edit]
認識
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
認 | 識 |
にん Grade: 6 |
しき Grade: 5 |
on’yomi |
Etymology[edit]
From Old Japanese compound 認識/认识 (nyinH syik, literally “know, recognize; know, remember”). Compare modern Mandarin rènshi, Eastern Min nêng-sék.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- recognition, awareness
- understanding
- (computing) recognition
- 音声認識
- onsei ninshiki
- speech recognition
- 音声認識
Derived terms[edit]
- 再認識 (saininshiki)
- 認識票 (ninshikihyō, “dog tag”)
- 認識論 (ninshikiron, “epistemology”)
Verb[edit]
認識する • (ninshiki suru) transitive suru (stem 認識し (ninshiki shi), past 認識した (ninshiki shita))
- to recognize something, to be aware of something
- to understand something
- (computing) to recognize something
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of "認識する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 認識し | にんしきし | ninshiki shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 認識し | にんしきし | ninshiki shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 認識する | にんしきする | ninshiki suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 認識する | にんしきする | ninshiki suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 認識すれ | にんしきすれ | ninshiki sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 認識せよ¹ 認識しろ² |
にんしきせよ¹ にんしきしろ² |
ninshiki seyo¹ ninshiki shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 認識される | にんしきされる | ninshiki sareru | |
Causative | 認識させる 認識さす |
にんしきさせる にんしきさす |
ninshiki saseru ninshiki sasu | |
Potential | 認識できる | にんしきできる | ninshiki dekiru | |
Volitional | 認識しよう | にんしきしよう | ninshiki shiyō | |
Negative | 認識しない | にんしきしない | ninshiki shinai | |
Negative continuative | 認識せず | にんしきせず | ninshiki sezu | |
Formal | 認識します | にんしきします | ninshiki shimasu | |
Perfective | 認識した | にんしきした | ninshiki shita | |
Conjunctive | 認識して | にんしきして | ninshiki shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 認識すれば | にんしきすれば | ninshiki sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References[edit]
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean[edit]
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
認 | 識 |
Noun[edit]
- Hanja form? of 인식 (“recognition”).
Vietnamese[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
認 | 識 |
Noun[edit]
認識
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