부아

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Korean

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Etymology

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First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 부〮하 (Yale: pwúhà). Also attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean 부〮화 (Yale: pwúhwà).

The Middle Korean word meant "lung". The modern meaning is the result of a semantic shift from "lung" > "burst of (angry) speech" > "anger". Note that the word is most commonly used with verbs expressing eruption or outburst; thus the original source of the modern meaning would have been the metaphoric expression "their lung is bursting [with emotion]".

부〮하 (Yale: pwúhà) failed to obey Middle Korean vowel harmony, which is highly unusual for a native Korean word and suggests a relatively recent borrowing from some foreign language. Given the lack of a clear Chinese source, a likely source is a Jurchen form with a reflex in Manchu ᡠᡶᡠᡥᡠ (ufuhu), as Manchu /f/ derives from Jurchen /p/.

See also Proto-Turkic *öpke (lung; anger) with identical semantics to the Korean.

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bua
Revised Romanization (translit.)?bua
McCune–Reischauer?pua
Yale Romanization?pua

Noun

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부아 (bua)

  1. anger
    Synonyms: 화(火) (hwa), 분노(憤怒) (bunno)
    씨불이는 듣고 있으니까 부아 치밀더라.
    Gyaene-deur-i ssiburineun geol deutgo isseunikka mak bua-ga chimildeora.
    I was listening to their nonsensical ranting, and anger erupted inside me.
  2. (archaic) lung (organ)
    Synonyms: 허파 (heopa), 폐(肺) (pye)
  3. (rare) meat attached to the lung or throat

Usage notes

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부아 (bua) is rarely used in isolation, especially outside linguistic works, but is generally encountered in idiomatic expressions as the subject of verbs having to do with a burst of emotion such as 치밀다 (chimilda), 돋다 (dotda), 내다 (naeda).

Derived terms

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