Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/neurô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *négʷʰrō. Cognate with Latin nefrōnēs (Praeneste), nebrundinēs (Lanuvium), Ancient Greek νεφρός (nephrós).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈneu̯.rɔːː/

Noun

*neurô m

1. kidney
2. testicle

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *neurô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*neurô	*neuraniz
vocative	*neurô	*neuraniz
accusative	*neuranų	*neuranunz
genitive	*niuriniz	*neuranǫ̂
dative	*niurini	*neurammaz
instrumental	*niurinē	*neurammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *neurō
  • Old English: *nēora, *nīora
    • Middle English: nēre, neere
      • Scots: neer, nere, neir
      • ⇒ Middle English: kidenēre, kidnēre
        • English: kidney
  • Old Frisian: *niura, *niūra; *niūre
    • Saterland Frisian: Njúre
    • West Frisian: nier
  • Old Saxon: *nioro
    • Middle Low German: nêre
      • German Low German: Niere, Nier, Neer
      • Plautdietsch: Nia
  • Old Dutch: *nioro
    • Middle Dutch: niere f
      • Dutch: nier
        • Afrikaans: nier
        • Negerhollands: nier
        • → Papiamentu: nir, nier
  • Old High German: nioro
    • Middle High German: niere
      • German: Niere f
        • → Luxembourgish: Nier
      • Hunsrik: Nier
      • Luxembourgish: Néier (archaic, but see Éierchen)
      • Yiddish: ניר (nir)
• Old Norse: nýra
  • Icelandic: nýra
  • Faroese: nýra
  • Norn: nyr
  • Norwegian: nyre
  • Old Swedish: niūre
    • Swedish: njure
  • Old Danish: nyræ, niuræ
    • Danish: nyre
  • Elfdalian: niųora, niųore
  • ⇒ Old Gutnish: vig-niauri