Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/ǰaθráH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰatráH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥-tr-éh₂, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”).

Noun

*ǰaθráH

1. poison

Related terms

• *ǰaθríH (“thorn, prickle”)
  • Ormuri:

    Kaniguram: [script needed] (zeř)

    Logar: [script needed] (zeš)

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬘𐬄𐬛𐬭𐬀 (jądra)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (žār)
    • → Yidgha: [script needed] f (žaro)
  • Sogdian:

    Manichaean script: 𐫋𐫀𐫡 f (jʾr /⁠žār⁠/)

• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: ژەھر (jehir), ژار (jar)

    Northern Kurdish: jehr, jar f

    Southern Kurdish: ژەھر (jehir), ژار (jar)

    Laki: ژار (jar), ژەر (jer)

    • → Northern Luri: ژٱر (žar)
  • Parthian:

    Manichaean script: 𐫋𐫍𐫡 n (jhr /⁠žahr⁠/)

    • → Old Armenian: ժահր (žahr)
    • → Middle Persian: (/⁠zahr⁠/)

      Book Pahlavi script: 𐮶𐮰𐮴𐮹 (𐮶𐮰𐮴𐮹)

      Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫍𐫓 (zhl)

      • Classical Persian: زهر (zahr)
        • → Middle Armenian: զահր (zahr)
          • Armenian: զահր (zahr)
        • → Azerbaijani: zəhər
        • → Bengali: জহর (zohor)
        • → Hindustani:

          Hindi: ज़हर (zahr)

          Urdu: زہر (zahr)

        • → Gilaki: زهر (zahr)
        • → Kazakh: зәр (zär)
        • → Kermanic:

          Abyanehi: [script needed] (zāhr)

        • → Khalaj: zə̂r
        • → Larestani: زهر (zahr)
        • → Sarikoli: [script needed] (zār)
        • → Shughni: [script needed] (zār)
        • → Ottoman Turkish: زهر (zehr)
          • Gagauz: zihir
          • Serbo-Croatian:

            Cyrillic script: зе̏хер

            Latin script: zȅher

          • Turkish: zehir
        • → Turkmen: zäher
        • → Chagatai:
          • → Uyghur: زەھەر (zeher)
          • → Uzbek: zahar
        • → Yidgha: [script needed] (zahᵃr)