Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yōl

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yōl

1. road

Declension

Declension of *yōl

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yōl
Accusative	*yōlnï, *yōlug 4), *yōlnïg 1)
Genitive	*yōlnïŋ
Dative	*yōlka
Locative	*yōlta
Ablative	*yōltan
Allative	*yōlgaru
Instrumental 2)	*yōlun
Equative 2)	*yōlča
Similative 2)	*yōllayu
Comitative 2)	*yōllugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Middle Chuvash: *śål
    • Viryal: ҫол (śol)
    • Anatri: ҫул (śul)
• Common Turkic: *yōl

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yôl
• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: yol
    • Ottoman Turkish: یول (yol)
      • Gagauz: yol
      • Turkish: yol
      • → Albanian: joll
      • → Armenian: յոլ (yol)
      • → Serbo-Croatian:

        Cyrillic script: јо̏л

        Latin script: jȍl

  • Turkmen: ýōl
  • Salar: yol
• Karluk:
  • Khorezmian: [script needed] (yol)
  • Karakhanid: يُولْ (yōl)
    • Chagatai: يول (yol)
      • Uzbek: yoʻl, йўл (yoʻl)
      • Uyghur: يول (yol)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: [script needed] (yol)
  • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yol)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Tatar: юл (yul)
    • Bashkir: юл (yul)
  • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Crimean Tatar: yol
    • Karaim: yol
    • Karachay-Balkar: джол (col)
    • Kumyk: ёл (yol)
  • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Kazakh: жол (jol)
    • Karakalpak: jol
    • Nogai: йол (yol)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жол (jol)
    • Southern Altai: јол (ǰol)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰞 (yol)
    • Old Uyghur: ywl (yol)
      • North Siberian:
        • Yakut: суол (suol)
        • Dolgan: һуол (huol)
      • South Siberian:
        • Yenisei Turkic:
          • Khakas: чол (çol)
          • Shor: чол
          • Western Yugur: yol
        • Sayan Turkic:
          • Tofa: чоъл (čo"l) (archaic)
          • Tuvan: чол (çol) (archaic)
• → Proto-Mongolic: *jol (“luck”)

References

• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, pages 217-218
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 205-6
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 917