Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kale-

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This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

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Reconstruction

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The Finnic and Samoyedic reflexes point to *kale-, while the Samic and Mordvinic reflexes point to *kola-. According to Aikio (2016), the latter is a regular secondary development.

Verb

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*kale-

  1. to die

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Proto-Samoyedic: *kåə-
  • Ugric:
  • Proto-Permic: *kulni (see there for further descendants)
  • Mari
  • Proto-Mordvinic: *kuləms (see there for further descendants)
  • >? Proto-Samic: *koalōtēk (to freeze) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Finnic: *kooldak (see there for further descendants)

References

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  • Aikio, Ante. 2016. "The Finnic 'secondary e-stems' and Proto-Uralic vocalism". Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 95, pp. 25–66.
  • Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
  • Sammallahti, Pekka (1988) “Historical Phonology of the Uralic Languages”, in Denis, Sinor, editor, The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, pages 478-554
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